Crystal structure of tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide.

Tetra-kis(2-methyl-prop-yl)thio-per-oxy-dicarbonic di-amide, or tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide, C18H36N2S4, crystallizes in a general position in the triclinic space group P-1 but shows pseudo-C2 symmetry about the di-sulfide bond. The C-S-S-C torsion angle [-85.81 (2)°] and the dihedral angle between the two NCS2 mean planes [85.91 (5)°] are within the range observed for this compound type. Multiple intra- and inter-molecular S⋯H-C close contacts appear to play a role in assisting the specific conformation of the pendant isobutyl groups and the packing arrangement of mol-ecules within the cell. Tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide mol-ecules of one optical configuration form sheets in the plane of the a and b axes. Inversion centers exist between adjoining sheets, which stack along the c axis and alternate in the handedness of their constituent mol-ecules.

Chemical context

N,N,N′,N′-Tetra­alkyl­thio­per­oxy­dicarbonic di­amides, com­mon­ly called tetra­thiuram di­sulfides, comprise a class of organosulfur compounds with applications that are both diverse and long-standing. Tetra­methyl­thiuram di­sulfide, known by the commercial name thiram, is broadly useful both as a fungicide (Sharma et al., 2003 ▸) and as a repellent against animals that feed upon seedling trees (Radwan, 1969 ▸). In industry, thiram and related tetra­alkyl­thiuram di­sulfides find application as vulcanizing agents in the production of synthetic rubber (Datta & Ingham, 2001 ▸; Ignatz-Hoover & To, 2016 ▸). Tetra­ethyl­thiuram di­sulfide, under the trade name disulfiram, is used for the treatment of chronic alcoholism because of its inhibitory effect upon liver alcohol de­hydrogenase (Mutschler et al., 2016 ▸). More recently, it has received scrutiny for its ability to sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy and to the effects of anti­cancer drugs (Jiao et al., 2016 ▸) as well as for its bactericidal action against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Horita et al., 2012 ▸). Tetra­alkyl­thiuram di­sulfides function both as chelating ligands themselves (Chieh, 1977 ▸; Chieh, 1978 ▸; Thirumaran et al., 2000 ▸; Saravanan et al., 2005 ▸; Prakasam et al., 2009 ▸) and as precursors to di­thio­carbamate ligands, which are used in the coordination chemistry of both the transition metals (Hogarth, 2005 ▸) and main group elements (Heard, 2005 ▸).

In the course of some studies of diiso­butyl­dithio­carbamate coordination complexes of molybdenum, we have noted a report describing an 1H NMR spectrum of [Ni(S2CNBu2)2] that was more complex than anti­cipated, even considering the hindered rotation about the −S2–CNBu2 bond (Raston & White, 1976 ▸). This complexity was attributed to intra­ligand S⋯H inter­actions involving the tertiary hydrogen of the isobutyl group. Although the room temperature 1H NMR spectrum of N,N,N′,N′- tetra­kis­(2-methyl­prop­yl)thio­per­oxy­dicarbonic di­amide (tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide) itself does not show evidence of such intra­molecular inter­action, several recent studies of tetra­thiuram di­sulfides have suggested such inter­actions in the crystalline state (Raya et al., 2005 ▸; Srinivasan et al., 2012 ▸; Nath et al., 2016 ▸). This possibility of similar weak inter­action(s) in the crystal structure of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide has motivated a determination of its structure by X-ray diffraction, reported herein.

Structural commentary

Tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide crystallizes upon a general position in P but has pseudo-C 2 symmetry across the di­sulfide bond, strict C 2 symmetry being disrupted by conformational differences among the pendant isobutyl groups (Fig. 1 ▸ a). Despite the lack of strict C 2 symmetry, tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide is nevertheless chiral. The image in Fig. 1 ▸ a presents the mol­ecule with a left-handed configuration to the core –H2CNC(S)S–SC(S)NCH2– portion. If Fig. 1 ▸ a were to be viewed from above, along the pseudo C 2 axis that bis­ects the S3—S4 bond, the C1—S1 and C2—S2 thione bonds would project forward and backward, respectively, from the plane of the paper and thereby define a left-handed propeller. The right-handed counterpart is necessarily the other occupant of the unit cell, as required by the racemic space group. Among the structurally characterized thiuram di­sulfides, crystallographically imposed C 2 symmetry is also common (Fig. 3 ▸).

Figure 1

(a) Displacement ellipsoid plot (50%) of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide with complete labeling for the non-H atoms. (b) Displacement ellipsoid plot (50% probability) of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide illustrating close intra­molecular S⋯H—C contacts (dashed lines).

Figure 3

Summary of structurally characterized tetra­thiuram di­sulfides, RR’NC(S)SSC(S)NRR’.

The S3—S4 bond length is 1.9931 (10) Å, while the thione C=S bonds are essentially identical at 1.642 (3) and 1.643 (3) Å. The C1—S3—S4—C2 torsion angle, τ, is −85.81 (2)° and, as is typical of tetra­thiuram di­sulfides, very similar in magnitude to the angle of 85.91 (5)° between the mean planes defined by the S2CN fragments, θ.

Multiple intra­molecular S⋯H–C contacts that are shorter than, or close to, the 2.92 Å sum of the van der Waals radii (Rowland & Taylor, 1996 ▸) for sulfur and hydrogen are calculated for the structure of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide. Each of the four sulfur atoms on the mol­ecule is a participant in such a close contact, as illustrated in Fig. 1 ▸ b and shown in Table 1 ▸. Although weak individually, particularly since these D—H⋯A angles are closer to 90° than to 180° (Table 1 ▸), these inter­actions may act cooperatively with packing forces to decide the specific mol­ecular conformation that is adopted. Weak inter­molecular S⋯H—C contacts are also calculated for mol­ecules that stack along the a axis of the cell (Fig. 2 ▸). While angles for these contacts are larger (145.6, 159.5°), the D⋯A separations are longer [3.834 (3), 3.810 (3) Å]. The geometric parameters for both these intra­molecular and inter­molecular S⋯C–H contacts fall within the range defined as consistent with a weak D—H⋯A inter­action (Desiraju & Steiner, 1999 ▸). These features of the mol­ecular packing in the crystal structure of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide suggest that the crystal structures of coordination complexes with the diiso­butyl­dithio­carbamate ligand be considered for similar S⋯H—C contacts and, importantly, that variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy be used to assess the importance of any such inter­actions in solution.

Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
C3—H3A⋯S3	0.99	2.34	2.907 (3)	115
C7—H7A⋯S1	0.99	2.60	3.084 (3)	110
C8—H8⋯S1i	1.00	2.97	3.834 (3)	146
C11—H11A⋯S4	0.99	2.33	2.896 (3)	115
C11—H11B⋯S2ii	0.99	2.87	3.810 (3)	160
C16—H16⋯S2	1.00	2.91	3.473 (3)	117

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) .

Figure 2

Stacking of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide mol­ecules along the a axis of the unit cell, showing inter­molecular S⋯H—C close contacts. Displacement ellipsoids are represented at the 50% probability level. Parallel stacks fill in the ab plane to form two-dimensional sheets, as shown. (Symmetry operations: x + 1, y, z; x, y + 1, z.)

Supra­molecular features

Mol­ecules of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide are linked by C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds (Table 1 ▸) to form linear chains directed along the a axis of the cell, and parallel chains then align within the ab plane to form sheets (Fig. 2 ▸). Because the mol­ecules within a single sheet are related, one from another, only by translations along a or b, they all have the same optical configuration. The sheets in the ab plane then stack along the c axis of the cell. The cell’s inversion center resides within the center of the cell and relates mol­ecules from neighboring sheets. Consequently, the sheets alternate in the handedness of the mol­ecules from which they are comprised.

Database survey

Values for τ and θ for structures in the Cambridge Structural Database (Web CSD v1.1.1; Groom et al., 2016 ▸) were determined using Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008 ▸). These structures are: METHUS (Marøy, 1965 ▸), METHUS01 (Ymén, 1983 ▸), METHUS02 (Wang et al., 1986 ▸), METHUS03 (Wang & Liao, 1989 ▸), METHUS04 (Wang & Liao, 1989 ▸), ETHUSS (Karle et al., 1967 ▸) ETHUSS01 (Wang et al., 1986 ▸), ETHUSS02 (Wang & Liao, 1989 ▸), ETHUSS03 (Wang & Liao, 1989 ▸), ETHUSS04 (Shi & Wang, 1992 ▸), ETHUSS05 (Hu, 2000 ▸), HIQJUM (Jian et al., 1999 ▸), HIQJUM01 (Yu & Wang, 2003 ▸), JECYAZ (Kumar et al., 1990 ▸), TIBFEQ (Zhai et al., 2007 ▸), ZEMPUC (Hall & Tiekink, 1995 ▸), KAZHEA (Karim et al., 2012 ▸), NELTUT (Fun et al., 2001 ▸), XEBJOF (Ajibade et al., 2012 ▸), JAXPOO (Raya et al., 2005 ▸), CAPLEK (Williams et al., 1983 ▸), CAPLEK01 (Ymén, 1983 ▸), CAPLEK02 (Yamin et al., 1996 ▸), CAPLEK03 (Bai et al., 2010 ▸), RISNEN (Quan et al., 2008 ▸), ULOXIC (Bodige & Watson, 2003 ▸), PIPTHS (Dix & Rae, 1973 ▸), PIPTHS01 (Shi & Wang, 1992 ▸), EWESUW (Nath et al., 2016 ▸), BOMPAU (Rout et al., 1982 ▸), VOHFIH (Polyakova & Starikova, 1990 ▸), VOHFIH01 (Ivanov et al., 2003 ▸), PECWOL (Uludağ et al., 2013 ▸), ZIJLOV (Srinivasan et al., 2012 ▸) and MEMFUG (Sączewski et al., 2006 ▸).

The C—S—S—C torsion angle (τ) and the dihedral angle (θ) between S2CN mean planes are closely comparable to values observed for the analogous features in most other tetra­thiuram di­sulfides, as summarized in Fig. 3 ▸. Positive and negative values of τ occur with approximately equal frequency for tetra­thium di­sulfides that have been characterized structurally by X-ray diffraction (Fig. 3 ▸). For those which do not reside on an inversion center (Kumar et al., 1990 ▸; Sączewski et al., 2006 ▸) or have conformations obviously perturbed by inter­molecular inter­actions involving the pendant groups on nitro­gen (Srinivasan et al., 2012 ▸), the average of the absolute value of τ is 88.4°, and the range is 78.0–99.0°. Similarly, the average value of θ is 86.1°, with a range of 79.0–90.0°.

Synthesis and crystallization

The synthesis procedure employed was that described by Kapanda et al., 2009 ▸. Pale-yellow block-shaped crystals of tetra­iso­butyl­thiuram di­sulfide (m.p. 343 K) were obtained by slow evaporation of a CH2Cl2 solution. 1H NMR (δ, ppm in DMSO-d 6): 3.83 [d, J = 12 Hz, 8H, –CH 2CH(CH3)2], 2.39 [br m, 4H, –CH2CH(CH3)2], 0.98 [d, J = 8 Hz, 12H, –CH2CH(CH 3)2], 0.87 [d, J = 8 Hz, 12H, –CH2CH(CH 3)2].

Refinement details

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▸. Hydrogen atoms were added in calculated positions and refined with isotropic displacement parameters that were approximately 1.2 times (for –CH– and –CH2) or 1.5 times (for –CH3) those of the carbon atoms to which they were attached. The C—H distances assumed were 1.00, 0.99, and 0.98 Å for the –CH–, –CH2, and –CH3 types of hydrogen atoms, respectively.

Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula	C18H36N2S4
M r	408.73
Crystal system, space group	Triclinic, P
Temperature (K)	100
a, b, c (Å)	7.2449 (11), 9.6102 (14), 17.196 (3)
α, β, γ (°)	98.580 (2), 94.540 (2), 103.409 (2)
V (Å3)	1143.5 (3)
Z	2
Radiation type	Mo Kα
μ (mm−1)	0.42
Crystal size (mm)	0.17 × 0.12 × 0.06
Data collection
Diffractometer	Bruker APEXII CCD
Absorption correction	Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2016 ▸)
T min, T max	0.745, 0.977
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections	17180, 4168, 3161
R int	0.057
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1)	0.604
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S	0.052, 0.146, 1.07
No. of reflections	4168
No. of parameters	225
H-atom treatment	H-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)	0.87, −0.35

Computer programs: APEX3 and SAINT (Bruker, 2016 ▸), SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸), SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b ▸) and SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, global. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017015158/lh5851sup1.cif

Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017015158/lh5851Isup2.hkl

Click here for additional data file.

Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017015158/lh5851Isup3.cml

CCDC reference: 1580550

Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report

C18H36N2S4	Z = 2
Mr = 408.73	F(000) = 444
Triclinic, P1	Dx = 1.187 Mg m−3
a = 7.2449 (11) Å	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
b = 9.6102 (14) Å	Cell parameters from 4848 reflections
c = 17.196 (3) Å	θ = 2.2–25.2°
α = 98.580 (2)°	µ = 0.42 mm−1
β = 94.540 (2)°	T = 100 K
γ = 103.409 (2)°	Block, pale yellow
V = 1143.5 (3) Å3	0.17 × 0.12 × 0.06 mm

Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer	4168 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	3161 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromator	Rint = 0.057
Detector resolution: 8.3333 pixels mm-1	θmax = 25.4°, θmin = 2.2°
φ and ω scans	h = −8→8
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2016)	k = −11→11
Tmin = 0.745, Tmax = 0.977	l = −20→20
17180 measured reflections

Refinement on F2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.052	H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.146	w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0883P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.07	(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
4168 reflections	Δρmax = 0.87 e Å−3
225 parameters	Δρmin = −0.35 e Å−3
0 restraints

Experimental. The diffraction data were obtained from 3 sets of 400 frames, each of width 0.5° in ω, collected at φ = 0.00, 90.00 and 180.00° and 2 sets of 800 frames, each of width 0.45° in φ, collected at ω = –30.00 and 210.00°. The scan time was 60 sec/frame.

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
S1	0.11097 (10)	0.22088 (8)	0.72835 (4)	0.0265 (2)
S2	0.35046 (10)	0.62092 (8)	0.68215 (4)	0.0268 (2)
S3	0.37169 (10)	0.47724 (7)	0.84025 (4)	0.0250 (2)
S4	0.13548 (10)	0.54581 (8)	0.82084 (4)	0.0253 (2)
N1	0.4760 (3)	0.2440 (2)	0.77920 (12)	0.0177 (5)
N2	0.0291 (3)	0.6939 (2)	0.71490 (12)	0.0184 (5)
C1	0.3217 (4)	0.2980 (3)	0.77839 (15)	0.0195 (6)
C2	0.1689 (4)	0.6296 (3)	0.73258 (16)	0.0208 (6)
C3	0.6574 (4)	0.3090 (3)	0.83096 (15)	0.0195 (6)
H3A	0.6641	0.4125	0.8506	0.023*
H3B	0.7650	0.3052	0.7993	0.023*
C4	0.6811 (4)	0.2335 (3)	0.90154 (15)	0.0253 (6)
H4	0.6567	0.1270	0.8813	0.030*
C5	0.8874 (4)	0.2875 (4)	0.94048 (18)	0.0375 (8)
H5A	0.9155	0.3924	0.9597	0.056*
H5B	0.9740	0.2674	0.9017	0.056*
H5C	0.9052	0.2375	0.9851	0.056*
C6	0.5418 (5)	0.2552 (4)	0.96030 (17)	0.0384 (8)
H6A	0.5722	0.3576	0.9854	0.058*
H6B	0.5511	0.1948	1.0009	0.058*
H6C	0.4115	0.2273	0.9328	0.058*
C7	0.4768 (4)	0.1089 (3)	0.72601 (15)	0.0215 (6)
H7A	0.3433	0.0528	0.7085	0.026*
H7B	0.5411	0.0491	0.7556	0.026*
C8	0.5774 (4)	0.1370 (3)	0.65392 (16)	0.0295 (7)
H8	0.7063	0.2031	0.6734	0.035*
C9	0.6088 (4)	−0.0045 (3)	0.61130 (17)	0.0303 (7)
H9A	0.6814	−0.0465	0.6480	0.045*
H9B	0.6803	0.0145	0.5664	0.045*
H9C	0.4849	−0.0727	0.5920	0.045*
C10	0.4765 (5)	0.2120 (4)	0.59941 (19)	0.0437 (9)
H10A	0.5528	0.2336	0.5562	0.066*
H10B	0.4598	0.3026	0.6291	0.066*
H10C	0.3510	0.1484	0.5775	0.066*
C11	−0.1242 (4)	0.7070 (3)	0.76450 (15)	0.0191 (6)
H11A	−0.1361	0.6320	0.7988	0.023*
H11B	−0.2462	0.6864	0.7296	0.023*
C12	−0.0943 (4)	0.8561 (3)	0.81718 (16)	0.0266 (7)
H12	−0.1195	0.9262	0.7826	0.032*
C13	0.1058 (4)	0.9157 (3)	0.86038 (18)	0.0337 (7)
H13A	0.1164	1.0126	0.8906	0.051*
H13B	0.1988	0.9220	0.8218	0.051*
H13C	0.1316	0.8510	0.8966	0.051*
C14	−0.2443 (5)	0.8413 (3)	0.87450 (18)	0.0353 (7)
H14A	−0.2247	0.7710	0.9081	0.053*
H14B	−0.3719	0.8077	0.8446	0.053*
H14C	−0.2329	0.9358	0.9077	0.053*
C15	0.0346 (4)	0.7671 (3)	0.64587 (15)	0.0209 (6)
H15A	0.1683	0.8198	0.6436	0.025*
H15B	−0.0420	0.8400	0.6531	0.025*
C16	−0.0405 (4)	0.6652 (3)	0.56672 (15)	0.0232 (6)
H16	0.0321	0.5883	0.5614	0.028*
C17	−0.2504 (4)	0.5917 (4)	0.56081 (18)	0.0360 (8)
H17A	−0.3243	0.6653	0.5659	0.054*
H17B	−0.2725	0.5343	0.6033	0.054*
H17C	−0.2908	0.5276	0.5094	0.054*
C18	0.0007 (5)	0.7523 (3)	0.50071 (17)	0.0385 (8)
H18A	−0.0641	0.8315	0.5064	0.058*
H18B	−0.0459	0.6888	0.4494	0.058*
H18C	0.1388	0.7927	0.5036	0.058*

	U11	U22	U33	U12	U13	U23
S1	0.0192 (4)	0.0294 (4)	0.0315 (4)	0.0091 (3)	0.0001 (3)	0.0041 (3)
S2	0.0186 (4)	0.0343 (4)	0.0328 (4)	0.0133 (3)	0.0059 (3)	0.0101 (3)
S3	0.0285 (4)	0.0215 (4)	0.0278 (4)	0.0155 (3)	−0.0030 (3)	0.0013 (3)
S4	0.0285 (4)	0.0274 (4)	0.0283 (4)	0.0188 (3)	0.0074 (3)	0.0100 (3)
N1	0.0191 (12)	0.0171 (11)	0.0176 (11)	0.0076 (9)	−0.0006 (9)	0.0013 (9)
N2	0.0163 (11)	0.0180 (11)	0.0235 (12)	0.0087 (9)	0.0031 (9)	0.0045 (9)
C1	0.0240 (15)	0.0182 (13)	0.0206 (14)	0.0106 (11)	0.0053 (11)	0.0070 (11)
C2	0.0195 (14)	0.0196 (14)	0.0237 (14)	0.0061 (11)	0.0002 (11)	0.0037 (11)
C3	0.0184 (14)	0.0165 (13)	0.0243 (14)	0.0066 (11)	−0.0010 (11)	0.0039 (11)
C4	0.0280 (16)	0.0263 (15)	0.0239 (15)	0.0103 (12)	−0.0007 (12)	0.0075 (12)
C5	0.0311 (18)	0.053 (2)	0.0319 (17)	0.0170 (15)	−0.0057 (13)	0.0111 (15)
C6	0.0363 (18)	0.054 (2)	0.0283 (17)	0.0109 (16)	0.0034 (14)	0.0167 (15)
C7	0.0260 (15)	0.0158 (13)	0.0255 (15)	0.0111 (11)	0.0052 (12)	0.0020 (11)
C8	0.0365 (18)	0.0273 (16)	0.0288 (16)	0.0152 (14)	0.0092 (13)	0.0033 (13)
C9	0.0390 (18)	0.0301 (16)	0.0289 (16)	0.0204 (14)	0.0079 (13)	0.0068 (13)
C10	0.059 (2)	0.048 (2)	0.0371 (19)	0.0299 (18)	0.0191 (17)	0.0126 (16)
C11	0.0152 (13)	0.0184 (13)	0.0267 (14)	0.0088 (11)	0.0041 (11)	0.0047 (11)
C12	0.0342 (17)	0.0212 (14)	0.0301 (16)	0.0143 (13)	0.0071 (13)	0.0088 (12)
C13	0.0413 (19)	0.0250 (16)	0.0339 (17)	0.0071 (14)	0.0042 (14)	0.0040 (13)
C14	0.0410 (19)	0.0326 (17)	0.0377 (18)	0.0196 (15)	0.0118 (15)	0.0033 (14)
C15	0.0216 (14)	0.0179 (13)	0.0258 (15)	0.0101 (11)	0.0001 (11)	0.0050 (11)
C16	0.0206 (14)	0.0256 (14)	0.0257 (15)	0.0102 (12)	0.0020 (11)	0.0048 (12)
C17	0.0275 (17)	0.0418 (19)	0.0328 (17)	0.0045 (14)	0.0003 (13)	−0.0043 (14)
C18	0.0384 (19)	0.045 (2)	0.0327 (18)	0.0081 (15)	0.0006 (14)	0.0130 (15)

S1—C1	1.642 (3)	C9—H9B	0.9800
S2—C2	1.643 (3)	C9—H9C	0.9800
S3—C1	1.826 (3)	C10—H10A	0.9800
S3—S4	1.9931 (10)	C10—H10B	0.9800
S4—C2	1.828 (3)	C10—H10C	0.9800
N1—C1	1.337 (3)	C11—C12	1.536 (4)
N1—C7	1.474 (3)	C11—H11A	0.9900
N1—C3	1.476 (3)	C11—H11B	0.9900
N2—C2	1.341 (3)	C12—C13	1.516 (4)
N2—C15	1.466 (3)	C12—C14	1.521 (4)
N2—C11	1.469 (3)	C12—H12	1.0000
C3—C4	1.522 (4)	C13—H13A	0.9800
C3—H3A	0.9900	C13—H13B	0.9800
C3—H3B	0.9900	C13—H13C	0.9800
C4—C6	1.510 (4)	C14—H14A	0.9800
C4—C5	1.527 (4)	C14—H14B	0.9800
C4—H4	1.0000	C14—H14C	0.9800
C5—H5A	0.9800	C15—C16	1.532 (4)
C5—H5B	0.9800	C15—H15A	0.9900
C5—H5C	0.9800	C15—H15B	0.9900
C6—H6A	0.9800	C16—C17	1.510 (4)
C6—H6B	0.9800	C16—C18	1.516 (4)
C6—H6C	0.9800	C16—H16	1.0000
C7—C8	1.514 (4)	C17—H17A	0.9800
C7—H7A	0.9900	C17—H17B	0.9800
C7—H7B	0.9900	C17—H17C	0.9800
C8—C10	1.506 (4)	C18—H18A	0.9800
C8—C9	1.520 (4)	C18—H18B	0.9800
C8—H8	1.0000	C18—H18C	0.9800
C9—H9A	0.9800
C1—S3—S4	104.71 (9)	H9B—C9—H9C	109.5
C2—S4—S3	104.22 (9)	C8—C10—H10A	109.5
C1—N1—C7	121.1 (2)	C8—C10—H10B	109.5
C1—N1—C3	125.3 (2)	H10A—C10—H10B	109.5
C7—N1—C3	113.6 (2)	C8—C10—H10C	109.5
C2—N2—C15	119.3 (2)	H10A—C10—H10C	109.5
C2—N2—C11	123.9 (2)	H10B—C10—H10C	109.5
C15—N2—C11	116.6 (2)	N2—C11—C12	114.6 (2)
N1—C1—S1	126.7 (2)	N2—C11—H11A	108.6
N1—C1—S3	111.45 (18)	C12—C11—H11A	108.6
S1—C1—S3	121.80 (15)	N2—C11—H11B	108.6
N2—C2—S2	125.8 (2)	C12—C11—H11B	108.6
N2—C2—S4	112.26 (19)	H11A—C11—H11B	107.6
S2—C2—S4	121.90 (16)	C13—C12—C14	111.6 (2)
N1—C3—C4	113.4 (2)	C13—C12—C11	113.9 (2)
N1—C3—H3A	108.9	C14—C12—C11	107.2 (2)
C4—C3—H3A	108.9	C13—C12—H12	108.0
N1—C3—H3B	108.9	C14—C12—H12	108.0
C4—C3—H3B	108.9	C11—C12—H12	108.0
H3A—C3—H3B	107.7	C12—C13—H13A	109.5
C6—C4—C3	112.5 (2)	C12—C13—H13B	109.5
C6—C4—C5	111.4 (2)	H13A—C13—H13B	109.5
C3—C4—C5	108.8 (2)	C12—C13—H13C	109.5
C6—C4—H4	108.0	H13A—C13—H13C	109.5
C3—C4—H4	108.0	H13B—C13—H13C	109.5
C5—C4—H4	108.0	C12—C14—H14A	109.5
C4—C5—H5A	109.5	C12—C14—H14B	109.5
C4—C5—H5B	109.5	H14A—C14—H14B	109.5
H5A—C5—H5B	109.5	C12—C14—H14C	109.5
C4—C5—H5C	109.5	H14A—C14—H14C	109.5
H5A—C5—H5C	109.5	H14B—C14—H14C	109.5
H5B—C5—H5C	109.5	N2—C15—C16	114.4 (2)
C4—C6—H6A	109.5	N2—C15—H15A	108.7
C4—C6—H6B	109.5	C16—C15—H15A	108.7
H6A—C6—H6B	109.5	N2—C15—H15B	108.7
C4—C6—H6C	109.5	C16—C15—H15B	108.7
H6A—C6—H6C	109.5	H15A—C15—H15B	107.6
H6B—C6—H6C	109.5	C17—C16—C18	111.2 (2)
N1—C7—C8	112.5 (2)	C17—C16—C15	112.8 (2)
N1—C7—H7A	109.1	C18—C16—C15	108.2 (2)
C8—C7—H7A	109.1	C17—C16—H16	108.2
N1—C7—H7B	109.1	C18—C16—H16	108.2
C8—C7—H7B	109.1	C15—C16—H16	108.2
H7A—C7—H7B	107.8	C16—C17—H17A	109.5
C10—C8—C7	113.3 (3)	C16—C17—H17B	109.5
C10—C8—C9	112.2 (3)	H17A—C17—H17B	109.5
C7—C8—C9	109.4 (2)	C16—C17—H17C	109.5
C10—C8—H8	107.2	H17A—C17—H17C	109.5
C7—C8—H8	107.2	H17B—C17—H17C	109.5
C9—C8—H8	107.2	C16—C18—H18A	109.5
C8—C9—H9A	109.5	C16—C18—H18B	109.5
C8—C9—H9B	109.5	H18A—C18—H18B	109.5
H9A—C9—H9B	109.5	C16—C18—H18C	109.5
C8—C9—H9C	109.5	H18A—C18—H18C	109.5
H9A—C9—H9C	109.5	H18B—C18—H18C	109.5

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
C3—H3A···S3	0.99	2.34	2.907 (3)	115
C7—H7A···S1	0.99	2.60	3.084 (3)	110
C8—H8···S1i	1.00	2.97	3.834 (3)	146
C11—H11A···S4	0.99	2.33	2.896 (3)	115
C11—H11B···S2ii	0.99	2.87	3.810 (3)	160
C16—H16···S2	1.00	2.91	3.473 (3)	117