Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative anesthetic prospective for thyroid surgery: what's new.

The aim of this review is to analyze what's new on anesthetic prospective to perioperative management for thyroid surgery. For recent decades intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) during thyroid and parathyroid surgery has obtained more and more popularity. New modality of anesthetic technique was also developed to incorporate into surgical teamwork. For example, the precise position of EMG tube and optimal use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) play key roles in successful IONM system. Special focus is paid to following issues: (I) preoperative airway evaluation and pre-op preparation; (II) anesthetic managements including advanced intubation tools, NMBAs and sugammadex; and (III) post-op adverse events such as pain and postoperative nausea vomiting.