Monika M K Stojek1,2, Amanda K Montoya3, Christopher F Drescher4,5, Andrew Newberry5, Zain Sultan5, Celestine F Williams5, Norman K Pollock5,6, Catherine L Davis5,6. 1. 1 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. 2. 2 Emory Healthcare Veterans Program, Atlanta, GA, USA. 3. 3 The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. 4. 4 Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. 5. 5 Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. 6. 6 Departments of Population Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We used mediation models to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationships among physical fitness, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), symptoms of depression, and cognitive functioning. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the cohorts involved in the 2003-2006 project PLAY (a trial of the effects of aerobic exercise on health and cognition) and the 2008-2011 SMART study (a trial of the effects of exercise on cognition). A total of 397 inactive overweight children aged 7-11 received a fitness test, standardized cognitive test (Cognitive Assessment System, yielding Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, Successive, and Full Scale scores), and depression questionnaire. Parents completed a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. We used bootstrapped mediation analyses to test whether SDB mediated the relationship between fitness and depression and whether SDB and depression mediated the relationship between fitness and cognition. RESULTS: Fitness was negatively associated with depression ( B = -0.041; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.02) and SDB ( B = -0.005; 95% CI, -0.01 to -0.001). SDB was positively associated with depression ( B = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.67) after controlling for fitness. The relationship between fitness and depression was mediated by SDB (indirect effect = -0.005; 95% CI, -0.01 to -0.0004). The relationship between fitness and the attention component of cognition was independently mediated by SDB (indirect effect = 0.058; 95% CI, 0.004 to 0.13) and depression (indirect effect = -0.071; 95% CI, -0.01 to -0.17). CONCLUSIONS: SDB mediates the relationship between fitness and depression, and SDB and depression separately mediate the relationship between fitness and the attention component of cognition.
OBJECTIVES: We used mediation models to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationships among physical fitness, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), symptoms of depression, and cognitive functioning. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the cohorts involved in the 2003-2006 project PLAY (a trial of the effects of aerobic exercise on health and cognition) and the 2008-2011 SMART study (a trial of the effects of exercise on cognition). A total of 397 inactive overweight children aged 7-11 received a fitness test, standardized cognitive test (Cognitive Assessment System, yielding Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, Successive, and Full Scale scores), and depression questionnaire. Parents completed a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. We used bootstrapped mediation analyses to test whether SDB mediated the relationship between fitness and depression and whether SDB and depression mediated the relationship between fitness and cognition. RESULTS: Fitness was negatively associated with depression ( B = -0.041; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.02) and SDB ( B = -0.005; 95% CI, -0.01 to -0.001). SDB was positively associated with depression ( B = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.67) after controlling for fitness. The relationship between fitness and depression was mediated by SDB (indirect effect = -0.005; 95% CI, -0.01 to -0.0004). The relationship between fitness and the attention component of cognition was independently mediated by SDB (indirect effect = 0.058; 95% CI, 0.004 to 0.13) and depression (indirect effect = -0.071; 95% CI, -0.01 to -0.17). CONCLUSIONS: SDB mediates the relationship between fitness and depression, and SDB and depression separately mediate the relationship between fitness and the attention component of cognition.
Authors: Cynthia L Ogden; Margaret D Carroll; Hannah G Lawman; Cheryl D Fryar; Deanna Kruszon-Moran; Brian K Kit; Katherine M Flegal Journal: JAMA Date: 2016-06-07 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Maria A I Åberg; Margda Waern; Jenny Nyberg; Nancy L Pedersen; Ylva Bergh; N David Åberg; Michael Nilsson; H Georg Kuhn; Kjell Torén Journal: Br J Psychiatry Date: 2012-06-14 Impact factor: 9.319
Authors: Catherine L Davis; Phillip D Tomporowski; Jennifer E McDowell; Benjamin P Austin; Patricia H Miller; Nathan E Yanasak; Jerry D Allison; Jack A Naglieri Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2011-01 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: Timothy G Lohman; Kimberly Ring; Karin Pfeiffer; Sarah Camhi; Elva Arredondo; Charlotte Pratt; Russ Pate; Larry S Webber Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2008-06 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Elise Hodges; Carole L Marcus; Ji Young Kim; Melissa Xanthopoulos; Justine Shults; Bruno Giordani; Dean W Beebe; Carol L Rosen; Ronald D Chervin; Ron B Mitchell; Eliot S Katz; David Gozal; Susan Redline; Lisa Elden; Raanan Arens; Renee Moore; H Gerry Taylor; Jerilynn Radcliffe; Nina H Thomas Journal: Sleep Date: 2018-12-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez; Alejandra Mena-Molina; Lucia V Torres-Lopez; Jairo H Migueles; María Rodriguez-Ayllon; David R Lubans; Francisco B Ortega Journal: Sports Med Date: 2021-07-27 Impact factor: 11.136