Fundoplication.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition in infants. Symptoms from pathologic GERD include regurgitation, irritability when feeding, failure to thrive, and respiratory problems. Treatment typically starts with dietary modifications and postural changes. Antireflux medications may then be added. Indications for operative management in neonates and infants include poor weight gain, failure to thrive, acute life-threatening events, and continued respiratory symptoms. Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication has become the standard of care for surgical treatment of children with GERD. In this procedure, the fundus of the stomach is wrapped 360° posteriorly around the lower esophagus.