Brenda Y Hernandez1, Renata A Bordallo2, Michael D Green3, Robert L Haddock4. 1. Hawaii Tumor Registry, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. Electronic address: brenda@cc.hawaii.edu. 2. Guam Cancer Registry, Cancer Research Center of Guam, University of Guam, House #7, Dean Circle, UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA. Electronic address: renatab@triton.uog.edu. 3. Hawaii Tumor Registry, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. Electronic address: michael@cc.hawaii.edu. 4. Guam Department of Public Health and Social Services, Office of Epidemiology and Research, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA. Electronic address: robhad@yahoo.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cancer disparities within and across populations provide insight into the influence of lifestyle, environment, and genetic factors on cancer risk. METHODS: Guam cancer incidence and mortality were compared to that of Hawaii using data from their respective population-based, central cancer registries. RESULTS: In 2009-2013, overall cancer incidence was substantially lower in Guam than in Hawaii for both sexes while overall cancer mortality was higher for Guam males. Cervical cancer incidence and prostate cancer mortality were higher in Guam. Both incidence and mortality were higher among Guam men for cancers of the lung & bronchus, liver & intrahepatic bile duct, and nasopharynx; Chamorro men were disproportionately affected by these cancers. Filipinos and Whites in Guam had lower overall cancer incidence compared to Filipinos and Whites in Hawaii. Although breast cancer incidence was significantly lower in Guam compared to Hawaii, women in Guam presented at younger ages and with rarer disease histologies such as inflammatory carcinoma were more prevalent. Guam patients were also diagnosed at younger ages for cancers of bladder, pancreas, colon & rectum, liver & intrahepatic bile duct, lung & bronchus, stomach, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia. CONCLUSION: Smoking, infectious agents, and betel nut chewing appear to be important contributors to the burden of cancer in Guam. Earlier onset of cancer in Guam suggests earlier age of exposure to key risk factors and/or a more aggressive pathogenesis. Contrasting cancer patterns within Guam and between Guam and Hawaii underscore the potential influence of genes, lifestyle, and environmental factors on cancer development and progression.
BACKGROUND:Cancer disparities within and across populations provide insight into the influence of lifestyle, environment, and genetic factors on cancer risk. METHODS: Guam cancer incidence and mortality were compared to that of Hawaii using data from their respective population-based, central cancer registries. RESULTS: In 2009-2013, overall cancer incidence was substantially lower in Guam than in Hawaii for both sexes while overall cancer mortality was higher for Guam males. Cervical cancer incidence and prostate cancer mortality were higher in Guam. Both incidence and mortality were higher among Guam men for cancers of the lung & bronchus, liver & intrahepatic bile duct, and nasopharynx; Chamorro men were disproportionately affected by these cancers. Filipinos and Whites in Guam had lower overall cancer incidence compared to Filipinos and Whites in Hawaii. Although breast cancer incidence was significantly lower in Guam compared to Hawaii, women in Guam presented at younger ages and with rarer disease histologies such as inflammatory carcinoma were more prevalent. Guam patients were also diagnosed at younger ages for cancers of bladder, pancreas, colon & rectum, liver & intrahepatic bile duct, lung & bronchus, stomach, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia. CONCLUSION: Smoking, infectious agents, and betel nut chewing appear to be important contributors to the burden of cancer in Guam. Earlier onset of cancer in Guam suggests earlier age of exposure to key risk factors and/or a more aggressive pathogenesis. Contrasting cancer patterns within Guam and between Guam and Hawaii underscore the potential influence of genes, lifestyle, and environmental factors on cancer development and progression.
Authors: Mona Saraiya; Elizabeth R Unger; Trevor D Thompson; Charles F Lynch; Brenda Y Hernandez; Christopher W Lyu; Martin Steinau; Meg Watson; Edward J Wilkinson; Claudia Hopenhayn; Glenn Copeland; Wendy Cozen; Edward S Peters; Youjie Huang; Maria Sibug Saber; Sean Altekruse; Marc T Goodman Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2015-04-29 Impact factor: 13.506
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