Philip R Szeszko1, Ek Tsoon Tan2, Aziz M Uluğ3, Peter B Kingsley4, Juan A Gallego5, Kathryn Rhindress6, Anil K Malhotra7, Delbert G Robinson7, Luca Marinelli2. 1. James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Mental Health Patient Care Center and Mental Illness, Research Education Clinical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: philip.szeszko@va.gov. 2. GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA. 3. CorTechs Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey. 4. Department of Radiology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA. 5. Weill Cornell Medical College, NY, USA. 6. New York University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, NY, USA. 7. Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Standard diffusion tensor imaging measures (e.g., fractional anisotropy; FA) are difficult to interpret in brain regions with crossing white-matter (WM) fibers. Diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) can be used to resolve fiber crossing, but has been difficult to implement in studies of patients with psychosis given long scan times. METHODS: We used four fold accelerated compressed sensing to accelerate DSI acquisition to investigate the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in 27 (20M/7F) patients with recent onset psychosis and 23 (11M/12F) healthy volunteers. Dependent measures included the number of crossing fiber directions, multi directional anisotropy (MDA), which is a measure sensitive to the anisotropy of the underlying water diffusion in regions of crossing fibers, generalized FA (GFA) computed from the orientation distribution function, FA and tract volume. RESULTS: Patients demonstrated a greater number of crossing WM fibers, lower MDA, GFA and FA in the left SLF compared to healthy volunteers. Patients also demonstrated a reversal in the normal (R>L) asymmetry of crossing fiber directions in the SLF and a lack of normal (L>R) asymmetry in MDA, GFA and FA compared to healthy volunteers. Lower GFA correlated significantly (p<0.05) with worse overall neuropsychological functioning; posthoc tests revealed significant effects with verbal functioning and processing speed. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide the first in vivo evidence for abnormal crossing fibers within the SLF among individuals with psychosis and their functional correlates. A reversal in the normal pattern of WM asymmetry of crossing fibers in patients may be consistent with an aberrant neurodevelopmental process. Published by Elsevier Inc.
BACKGROUND: Standard diffusion tensor imaging measures (e.g., fractional anisotropy; FA) are difficult to interpret in brain regions with crossing white-matter (WM) fibers. Diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) can be used to resolve fiber crossing, but has been difficult to implement in studies of patients with psychosis given long scan times. METHODS: We used four fold accelerated compressed sensing to accelerate DSI acquisition to investigate the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in 27 (20M/7F) patients with recent onset psychosis and 23 (11M/12F) healthy volunteers. Dependent measures included the number of crossing fiber directions, multi directional anisotropy (MDA), which is a measure sensitive to the anisotropy of the underlying water diffusion in regions of crossing fibers, generalized FA (GFA) computed from the orientation distribution function, FA and tract volume. RESULTS:Patients demonstrated a greater number of crossing WM fibers, lower MDA, GFA and FA in the left SLF compared to healthy volunteers. Patients also demonstrated a reversal in the normal (R>L) asymmetry of crossing fiber directions in the SLF and a lack of normal (L>R) asymmetry in MDA, GFA and FA compared to healthy volunteers. Lower GFA correlated significantly (p<0.05) with worse overall neuropsychological functioning; posthoc tests revealed significant effects with verbal functioning and processing speed. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide the first in vivo evidence for abnormal crossing fibers within the SLF among individuals with psychosis and their functional correlates. A reversal in the normal pattern of WM asymmetry of crossing fibers in patients may be consistent with an aberrant neurodevelopmental process. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Entities:
Keywords:
Diffusion spectrum imaging; Fractional anisotropy; Psychosis; Superior longitudinal fasciculus; White matter
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