Leanne Harris1, Craig Melville2, Heather Murray3, Catherine Hankey4. 1. College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Mental Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK. Electronic address: Leanne.Harris@glasgow.ac.uk. 2. College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Mental Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK. Electronic address: Craig.Melville@glasgow.ac.uk. 3. Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. Electronic address: Heather.Murray@glasgow.ac.uk. 4. College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK. Electronic address: Catherine.Hankey@glasgow.ac.uk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Adults with intellectual disabilities have been shown to experience higher rates of obesity in comparison to the general population. AIM: To examine the effectiveness of randomised controlled trials of multi-component weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and overweight/obesity. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A systematic search of six electronic databases was conducted from database inception to January 2016. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Behavioural change techniques were defined by coding against the Coventry Aberdeen LOndon REfined (CALO-RE) taxonomy. Meta-analyses were conducted as Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) between intervention and control/comparator intervention. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: Six randomised controlled trials were included. The interventions did not adhere to clinical recommendations [the inclusion of an energy deficit diet (EDD), physical activity, and behaviour change techniques]. Meta-analysis revealed that current multi-component weight management interventions are not more effective than no treatment (WMD: -0.38kg; 95% CI -1.34kg to 0.58kg; p=0.44). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: There is a paucity of randomised controlled trials of multi-component weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and overweight/obesity. Current interventions, based on a health education approach are ineffective. Future long-term interventions that include an EDD and adhere to clinical recommendations on the management of obesity are warranted.
BACKGROUND: Adults with intellectual disabilities have been shown to experience higher rates of obesity in comparison to the general population. AIM: To examine the effectiveness of randomised controlled trials of multi-component weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and overweight/obesity. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A systematic search of six electronic databases was conducted from database inception to January 2016. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Behavioural change techniques were defined by coding against the Coventry Aberdeen LOndon REfined (CALO-RE) taxonomy. Meta-analyses were conducted as Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) between intervention and control/comparator intervention. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: Six randomised controlled trials were included. The interventions did not adhere to clinical recommendations [the inclusion of an energy deficit diet (EDD), physical activity, and behaviour change techniques]. Meta-analysis revealed that current multi-component weight management interventions are not more effective than no treatment (WMD: -0.38kg; 95% CI -1.34kg to 0.58kg; p=0.44). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: There is a paucity of randomised controlled trials of multi-component weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and overweight/obesity. Current interventions, based on a health education approach are ineffective. Future long-term interventions that include an EDD and adhere to clinical recommendations on the management of obesity are warranted.
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