JinShil Kim1, Mi-Seung Shin2, Seon Young Hwang3, Eunok Park4, Young-Hyo Lim5, Jae Lan Shim6, Sun Hwa Kim7, Yeon Hee Kim8, Minjeong An9. 1. Gachon University, College of Nursing, 191 Hambakmeoro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, South Korea. Electronic address: kimj317503@gmail.com. 2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, 21 Namdongdae-ro 774-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, South Korea. Electronic address: msshin@gilhospital.com. 3. College of Nursing, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimniro, Seondong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea. Electronic address: seon9772@hanyang.ac.kr. 4. Jeju National University College of Nursing, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju-si, Jeju, 63243, South Korea. Electronic address: eopark@jejunu.ac.kr. 5. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea. Electronic address: yhlim@hyumc.com. 6. Department of Nursing, Doowon Technical University, 51, kwaneumdang-gil, Juksan-myon Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17520, South Korea. Electronic address: jrshim@doowon.ac.kr. 7. College of Nursing, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimniro, Seondong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea. Electronic address: 79ssunhwa@hanmail.net. 8. Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: kimyhee@amc.seoul.kr. 9. Chonnam National University, College of Nursing, South Korea. Electronic address: anminjeong@jnu.ac.kr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence on the degree of cognitive impairment and its association with physical functional capacity among patients with heart failure (HF) in Korea. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we compared cognitive impairment between patients with HF and community-dwelling participants with non-HF medical conditions (medical participants) and its association with physical functional capacity. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional comparative study and assessed the neuropsychological cognitive status (Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery) and physical functional capacity (Duke Activity Status Index) of patients with HF and medical participants using face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen patients with HF (age, 65.45 ± 9.38 years; men, 57.6%; left ventricular ejection fraction, 34.93 ± 8.72%) and 83 medical participants (age, 66.02 ± 8.28 years; men, 47.0%) were included. Using seventh-percentile medical participant Z-scores as cutoffs, memory and executive function were worse in patients with HF than in medical participants: immediate (35.0% vs. 6.0%) and delayed recall memory (34.5% vs. 8.4%), and executive function (28.6% vs. 6.0%). Independent of age, sex, education, comorbidity, and HF status, executive function was a significant predictor of physical functional capacity (b = 1.82, p = .021). CONCLUSIONS: More patients with HF had impaired memory and executive function, which were associated with their physical functional capacities.
BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence on the degree of cognitive impairment and its association with physical functional capacity among patients with heart failure (HF) in Korea. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we compared cognitive impairment between patients with HF and community-dwelling participants with non-HF medical conditions (medical participants) and its association with physical functional capacity. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional comparative study and assessed the neuropsychological cognitive status (Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery) and physical functional capacity (Duke Activity Status Index) of patients with HF and medical participants using face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen patients with HF (age, 65.45 ± 9.38 years; men, 57.6%; left ventricular ejection fraction, 34.93 ± 8.72%) and 83 medical participants (age, 66.02 ± 8.28 years; men, 47.0%) were included. Using seventh-percentile medical participant Z-scores as cutoffs, memory and executive function were worse in patients with HF than in medical participants: immediate (35.0% vs. 6.0%) and delayed recall memory (34.5% vs. 8.4%), and executive function (28.6% vs. 6.0%). Independent of age, sex, education, comorbidity, and HF status, executive function was a significant predictor of physical functional capacity (b = 1.82, p = .021). CONCLUSIONS: More patients with HF had impaired memory and executive function, which were associated with their physical functional capacities.