Guadalupe Soto-Estrada1, Laura Moreno Altamirano2, Juan José García-García1, Iván Ochoa Moreno3, Martín Silberman4. 1. Departamento de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México. 2. Departamento de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México. Electronic address: lamorealmx@yahoo.com.mx. 3. Department of Economics and Related Studies, University of York, United Kingdom. 4. Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hospital de Alta Complejidad El Cruce, Nestor Kirchner, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the evolution of the frequency of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its relationship to eating patterns in Mexico from 1961 to 2013, and the Gini coefficient, Human Development Index (HDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Mexico ranked sixth in world prevalence of diabetes in 2015 with an estimated 11.4 million Mexicans affected. METHOD: Using data from the Balance Sheets Food published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the means of apparent food consumption (kcal/person/day) were grouped by decades. Data for mortality rate for diabetes were obtained from 1990 until 2015. Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated between the diabetes mellitus mortality rate and all food groups. Pearson's correlation explored the relationship between socio economic indicators and the prevalence of T2D diabetes. RESULTS: The mortality rate for T2D has increased over the last decades. An increase of 647.9kcal/person/day in apparent food consumption was observed. Cereal and legume consumption decreased, while apparent sugar, animal food and animal fat and vegetable oil consumption increased substantially. HDI and GDP showed a directly proportional relationship to diabetes. Spearman's correlation coefficient was statistically significant only for sugar. The Gini coefficient suggests that in lower inequalities there is an increased frequency of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the mortality rate of type 2 diabetes was constant during the study period, which coincides with the increase in energy density of Mexican eating patterns from 1961 to 2013. The higher the Gini coefficient, HDI and GDP, the higher the mortality observed for diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the evolution of the frequency of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its relationship to eating patterns in Mexico from 1961 to 2013, and the Gini coefficient, Human Development Index (HDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Mexico ranked sixth in world prevalence of diabetes in 2015 with an estimated 11.4 million Mexicans affected. METHOD: Using data from the Balance Sheets Food published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the means of apparent food consumption (kcal/person/day) were grouped by decades. Data for mortality rate for diabetes were obtained from 1990 until 2015. Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated between the diabetes mellitus mortality rate and all food groups. Pearson's correlation explored the relationship between socio economic indicators and the prevalence of T2D diabetes. RESULTS: The mortality rate for T2D has increased over the last decades. An increase of 647.9kcal/person/day in apparent food consumption was observed. Cereal and legume consumption decreased, while apparent sugar, animal food and animal fat and vegetable oil consumption increased substantially. HDI and GDP showed a directly proportional relationship to diabetes. Spearman's correlation coefficient was statistically significant only for sugar. The Gini coefficient suggests that in lower inequalities there is an increased frequency of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the mortality rate of type 2 diabetes was constant during the study period, which coincides with the increase in energy density of Mexican eating patterns from 1961 to 2013. The higher the Gini coefficient, HDI and GDP, the higher the mortality observed for diabetes.
Authors: Robin Whittemore; Mireya Vilar-Compte; Selene De La Cerda; Denise Marron; Rosabelle Conover; Roberta Delvy; Annel Lozano-Marrufo; Rafael Pérez-Escamilla Journal: Int J Equity Health Date: 2019-08-23
Authors: Gabriela Medina-Pérez; José Antonio Estefes-Duarte; Laura N Afanador-Barajas; Fabián Fernández-Luqueño; Andrea Paloma Zepeda-Velásquez; Melitón Jesús Franco-Fernández; Armando Peláez-Acero; Rafael Germán Campos-Montiel Journal: Molecules Date: 2020-12-04 Impact factor: 4.411