Catherine M Kotz1,2, Claudio E Perez-Leighton3, Jennifer A Teske4, Charles J Billington5,6. 1. Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. kotzx004@umn.edu. 2. GRECC, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, GRECC, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA. kotzx004@umn.edu. 3. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile. 4. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th street, Shantz 332, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA. 5. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 5545, USA. 6. Minneapolis VA Health Care System, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Spontaneous physical activity (SPA) is a physical activity not motivated by a rewarding goal, such as that associated with food-seeking or wheel-running behavior. SPA is often thought of as only "fidgeting," but that is a mischaracterization, since fidgety behavior can be linked to stereotypies in neurodegenerative disease and other movement disorders. Instead, SPA should be thought of as all physical activity behavior that emanates from an unconscious drive for movement. RECENT FINDINGS: An example of this may be restless behavior, which can include fidgeting and gesticulating, frequent sit-to-stand movement, and more time spent standing and moving. All physical activity burns calories, and as such, SPA could be manipulated as a means to burn calories, and defend against weight gain and reduce excess adiposity. In this review, we discuss human and animal literature on the use of SPA in reducing weight gain, the neuromodulators that could be targeted to this end, and future directions in this field.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Spontaneous physical activity (SPA) is a physical activity not motivated by a rewarding goal, such as that associated with food-seeking or wheel-running behavior. SPA is often thought of as only "fidgeting," but that is a mischaracterization, since fidgety behavior can be linked to stereotypies in neurodegenerative disease and other movement disorders. Instead, SPA should be thought of as all physical activity behavior that emanates from an unconscious drive for movement. RECENT FINDINGS: An example of this may be restless behavior, which can include fidgeting and gesticulating, frequent sit-to-stand movement, and more time spent standing and moving. All physical activity burns calories, and as such, SPA could be manipulated as a means to burn calories, and defend against weight gain and reduce excess adiposity. In this review, we discuss human and animal literature on the use of SPA in reducing weight gain, the neuromodulators that could be targeted to this end, and future directions in this field.
Authors: Theodore Garland; Heidi Schutz; Mark A Chappell; Brooke K Keeney; Thomas H Meek; Lynn E Copes; Wendy Acosta; Clemens Drenowatz; Robert C Maciel; Gertjan van Dijk; Catherine M Kotz; Joey C Eisenmann Journal: J Exp Biol Date: 2011-01-15 Impact factor: 3.312
Authors: J Hara; C T Beuckmann; T Nambu; J T Willie; R M Chemelli; C M Sinton; F Sugiyama; K Yagami; K Goto; M Yanagisawa; T Sakurai Journal: Neuron Date: 2001-05 Impact factor: 17.173
Authors: I V Estabrooke; M T McCarthy; E Ko; T C Chou; R M Chemelli; M Yanagisawa; C B Saper; T E Scammell Journal: J Neurosci Date: 2001-03-01 Impact factor: 6.167
Authors: Stacy L Schmidt; Kristin A Harmon; Teresa A Sharp; Elizabeth H Kealey; Daniel H Bessesen Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2012-04-23 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Evadnie Rampersaud; Braxton D Mitchell; Toni I Pollin; Mao Fu; Haiqing Shen; Jeffery R O'Connell; Julie L Ducharme; Scott Hines; Paul Sack; Rosalie Naglieri; Alan R Shuldiner; Soren Snitker Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2008-09-08
Authors: Barbara J Nicklas; Jill E Gaukstern; Kristen M Beavers; Jill C Newman; Xiaoyan Leng; W Jack Rejeski Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2014-03-17 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: G Defeudis; M Rossini; Y M Khazrai; A M V Pipicelli; G Brucoli; M Veneziano; F Strollo; A Bellia; O Bitterman; D Lauro; D Mora; E Santarelli Journal: Eat Weight Disord Date: 2022-07-01 Impact factor: 3.008
Authors: Paweł Brzęk; Andrzej Gębczyński; Piotr Selewestruk; Aneta Książek; Julita Sadowska; Marek Konarzewski Journal: J Comp Physiol B Date: 2021-09-30 Impact factor: 2.200
Authors: Mónica Suárez-Reyes; Daiana Quintiliano-Scarpelli; Anna Pinheiro Fernandes; Cristian Cofré-Bolados; Tito Pizarro Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-05-29 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Sebastian Maciak; Diana Sawicka; Anna Sadowska; Sławomir Prokopiuk; Sylwia Buczyńska; Marek Bartoszewicz; Gabriela Niklińska; Marek Konarzewski; Halina Car Journal: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Date: 2020-07