OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term seizure outcome and potential factors associated with seizure outcome in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. METHODS: In the setting of a prospective, single-center, longitudinal cohort study, 109 patients were evaluated with ongoing follow-up. Patients underwent clinical evaluation every 3 months. Seizure outcomes and the potential risk factors were assessed with a median follow-up of 24 months (6-60 months). RESULTS: Of 109 patients (47 men; 62 women) with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 88 patients (80.7%) had reported seizures at acute phase, including single seizure (17/88, 19.3%), repetitive seizures (27/88, 30.7%), nonrefractory status epilepticus (22/88, 25%), refractory status epilepticus (SE; 13/88, 14.8%), and super refractory status epilepticus (9/88, 10.2%). Seizure was more likely to recur in patients with tumor presence, status epilepticus (SE) development, coma, or intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the acute phase (p < 0.05). Seizure freedom was achieved within 2 years in all patients. More than 80% of the whole cohort with acute seizures had their last seizure within 6 months of disease onset. SIGNIFICANCE: Seizure is a common feature in the acute stage of anti-NMDAR encephalitis but not thereafter. The presence of tumor, SE, coma, and/or ICU admission in the acute phase predicts early seizure occurrence after the acute phase. Seizure freedom was typically achieved in our follow-up, and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs may not be necessary. Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term seizure outcome and potential factors associated with seizure outcome in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. METHODS: In the setting of a prospective, single-center, longitudinal cohort study, 109 patients were evaluated with ongoing follow-up. Patients underwent clinical evaluation every 3 months. Seizure outcomes and the potential risk factors were assessed with a median follow-up of 24 months (6-60 months). RESULTS: Of 109 patients (47 men; 62 women) with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 88 patients (80.7%) had reported seizures at acute phase, including single seizure (17/88, 19.3%), repetitive seizures (27/88, 30.7%), nonrefractory status epilepticus (22/88, 25%), refractory status epilepticus (SE; 13/88, 14.8%), and super refractory status epilepticus (9/88, 10.2%). Seizure was more likely to recur in patients with tumor presence, status epilepticus (SE) development, coma, or intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the acute phase (p < 0.05). Seizure freedom was achieved within 2 years in all patients. More than 80% of the whole cohort with acute seizures had their last seizure within 6 months of disease onset. SIGNIFICANCE: Seizure is a common feature in the acute stage of anti-NMDAR encephalitis but not thereafter. The presence of tumor, SE, coma, and/or ICU admission in the acute phase predicts early seizure occurrence after the acute phase. Seizure freedom was typically achieved in our follow-up, and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs may not be necessary. Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Authors: Olga Taraschenko; Howard S Fox; Sean J Pittock; Anastasia Zekeridou; Maftuna Gafurova; Ember Eldridge; Jinxu Liu; Shashank M Dravid; Raymond Dingledine Journal: Epilepsia Date: 2019-02-11 Impact factor: 5.864
Authors: Marienke A A M de Bruijn; Agnes van Sonderen; Marleen H van Coevorden-Hameete; Anna E M Bastiaansen; Marco W J Schreurs; Rob P W Rouhl; Cees A van Donselaar; Marian H J M Majoie; Rinze F Neuteboom; Peter A E Sillevis Smitt; Roland D Thijs; Maarten J Titulaer Journal: Neurology Date: 2019-04-12 Impact factor: 11.800
Authors: Anna Rada; Robert Birnbacher; Claudio Gobbi; Martin Kurthen; Albert Ludolph; Markus Naumann; Ulrike Neirich; Tim J von Oertzen; Gerhard Ransmayr; Matthias Riepe; Mareike Schimmel; Oliver Schwartz; Rainer Surges; Christian G Bien Journal: J Neurol Date: 2020-10-06 Impact factor: 4.849