Joonas H Kauppila1,2, Olli Helminen2,3, Ville Kytö4,5, Jarmo Gunn4,6, Jesper Lagergren1,7, Eero Sihvo8. 1. Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden. 2. Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. 3. Department of Surgery, Central Finland Central Hospital, 40620, Jyväskylä, Finland. 4. Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. 5. Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 6. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 7. Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. 8. Department of Surgery, Central Finland Central Hospital, 40620, Jyväskylä, Finland. eero.sihvo@ksshp.fi.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Population-based studies comparing minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and open esophagectomy (OE) relative to 90-day postoperative mortality are needed. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare short-term outcomes following these two techniques for esophageal cancer. METHODS: Patients undergoing MIE (n = 217) or OE (n = 1397) for esophageal cancer between 2007 and 2014 were identified from nationwide complete registries in Finland and Sweden. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality, and secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, length of hospital stay, and 30- and 90-day readmission rate. Results were adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, tumor histology, surgery year, and country. RESULTS: Ninety-day mortality rates were 4.1% (n = 9 of 217) for MIE and 6.8% (n = 95 of 1397) for OE; 90-day mortality was halved after MIE [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-0.99]. There was no difference in 30-day mortality (adjusted HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.29-2.66). Median hospital stay was 15 days for MIE and 16 days for OE (adjusted β -0.17, standard error 0.08, p = 0.030). The 30-day readmission rates were 8.9% after MIE and 12.0% after OE (adjusted HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.94), while the 90-day readmission rates were 28.8% and 33.6%, respectively, without a statistically significant difference (adjusted HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.61-1.10). CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study from Finland and Sweden revealed lower 90-day mortality, shorter hospital stay, and lower 30-day readmission rates after MIE compared with OE for esophageal cancer. These findings support the use of minimally invasive approaches.
BACKGROUND: Population-based studies comparing minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and open esophagectomy (OE) relative to 90-day postoperative mortality are needed. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare short-term outcomes following these two techniques for esophageal cancer. METHODS:Patients undergoing MIE (n = 217) or OE (n = 1397) for esophageal cancer between 2007 and 2014 were identified from nationwide complete registries in Finland and Sweden. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality, and secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, length of hospital stay, and 30- and 90-day readmission rate. Results were adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, tumor histology, surgery year, and country. RESULTS: Ninety-day mortality rates were 4.1% (n = 9 of 217) for MIE and 6.8% (n = 95 of 1397) for OE; 90-day mortality was halved after MIE [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-0.99]. There was no difference in 30-day mortality (adjusted HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.29-2.66). Median hospital stay was 15 days for MIE and 16 days for OE (adjusted β -0.17, standard error 0.08, p = 0.030). The 30-day readmission rates were 8.9% after MIE and 12.0% after OE (adjusted HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.94), while the 90-day readmission rates were 28.8% and 33.6%, respectively, without a statistically significant difference (adjusted HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.61-1.10). CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study from Finland and Sweden revealed lower 90-day mortality, shorter hospital stay, and lower 30-day readmission rates after MIE compared with OE for esophageal cancer. These findings support the use of minimally invasive approaches.
Authors: Henna K Söderström; Jari Räsänen; Juha Saarnio; Vesa Toikkanen; Tuula Tyrväinen; Tuomo Rantanen; Antti Valtola; Pasi Ohtonen; Minna Pääaho; Arto Kokkola; Raija Kallio; Tuomo J Karttunen; Vesa-Matti Pohjanen; Ari Ristimäki; Simo Laine; Eero Sihvo; Joonas H Kauppila Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2020-10-14 Impact factor: 2.692