Giancarlo Giupponi1, Marco Innamorati2, Ross J Baldessarini3, Diego De Leo4, Francesca de Giovannelli1, Roger Pycha5, Andreas Conca1, Paolo Girardi6, Maurizio Pompili7. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Bolzano, Italy. 2. European University of Rome, Italy. 3. International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Australian Institute of Suicide Research and Prevention and Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Qld, Australia. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Brunico, Italy. 6. Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 7. International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: maurizio.pompili@uniroma1.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: As suicide is related to many factors in addition to psychiatric illness, broad and comprehensive risk-assessment for risk of suicide is required. This study aimed to differentiate nondiagnostic risk factors among suicides versus comparable psychiatric patients without suicidal behavior. METHODS: We carried out a pilot, case-control comparison of 131 cases of suicide in South Tyrol matched for age and sex with 131 psychiatric controls, using psychological autopsy methods to evaluate differences in clinically assessed demographic, social, and clinical factors, using bivariate conditional Odds Risk comparisons followed by conditional regression modeling controlled for ethnicity. RESULTS: Based on multivariable conditional regression modeling, suicides were significantly more likely to have experienced risk factors, ranking as: [a] family history of suicide or attempt≥[b] recent interpersonal stressors≥[c] childhood traumatic events≥[d] lack of recent clinician contacts≥[e] previous suicide attempt≥[f] non-Italian ethnicity, but did not differ in education, marital status, living situation, or employment, nor by psychiatric or substance-abuse diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: Both recent and early factors were associated with suicide, including lack of recent clinical care, non-Italian cultural subgroup-membership, familial suicidal behavior, and recent interpersonal distress.
BACKGROUND: As suicide is related to many factors in addition to psychiatric illness, broad and comprehensive risk-assessment for risk of suicide is required. This study aimed to differentiate nondiagnostic risk factors among suicides versus comparable psychiatricpatients without suicidal behavior. METHODS: We carried out a pilot, case-control comparison of 131 cases of suicide in South Tyrol matched for age and sex with 131 psychiatric controls, using psychological autopsy methods to evaluate differences in clinically assessed demographic, social, and clinical factors, using bivariate conditional Odds Risk comparisons followed by conditional regression modeling controlled for ethnicity. RESULTS: Based on multivariable conditional regression modeling, suicides were significantly more likely to have experienced risk factors, ranking as: [a] family history of suicide or attempt≥[b] recent interpersonal stressors≥[c] childhood traumatic events≥[d] lack of recent clinician contacts≥[e] previous suicide attempt≥[f] non-Italian ethnicity, but did not differ in education, marital status, living situation, or employment, nor by psychiatric or substance-abuse diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: Both recent and early factors were associated with suicide, including lack of recent clinical care, non-Italian cultural subgroup-membership, familial suicidal behavior, and recent interpersonal distress.
Authors: Nafee Rasouli; Seyed Kazem Malakouti; Mohsen Rezaeian; Seyed Mehdi Saberi; Marzieh Nojomi; Diego De Leo; Abbas Ramezani-Farani Journal: Arch Acad Emerg Med Date: 2019-09-01
Authors: Nicole T M Hill; Jo Robinson; Jane Pirkis; Karl Andriessen; Karolina Krysinska; Amber Payne; Alexandra Boland; Alison Clarke; Allison Milner; Katrina Witt; Stephan Krohn; Amit Lampit Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2020-03-31 Impact factor: 11.069