Sebastian Walther1, Vijay A Mittal2,3,4,5,6. 1. Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 21, 3008, Bern, Switzerland. sebastian.walther@upd.unibe.ch. 2. Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. 4. Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. 5. Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. 6. Institute for Developmental Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Motor abnormalities are an intrinsic feature of psychosis. Neurological soft signs, Parkinsonism, dyskinesia, and other motor phenomena are frequently observed in subjects at clinical or genetic risk for psychosis as well as first-episode patients, chronic patients. Here, we review the most recent literature on motor assessments and pathophysiology in psychosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Instrumental measures of fine motor performance, balance, spontaneous motor activity, and gesture indicated motor abnormalities in subjects at risk and across stages of schizophrenia. Motor phenomena are associated with distinct symptom dimensions and may indicate poor outcomes. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated altered neural maturation within critical motor networks in subjects at risk. Furthermore, specific categories of motor dysfunction were associated with distinct structural and functional alterations in the motor system in schizophrenia. Motor abnormalities provide a unique window into the pathobiology of psychosis and have the potential to guide screening, staging, and outcome prediction.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Motor abnormalities are an intrinsic feature of psychosis. Neurological soft signs, Parkinsonism, dyskinesia, and other motor phenomena are frequently observed in subjects at clinical or genetic risk for psychosis as well as first-episode patients, chronic patients. Here, we review the most recent literature on motor assessments and pathophysiology in psychosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Instrumental measures of fine motor performance, balance, spontaneous motor activity, and gesture indicated motor abnormalities in subjects at risk and across stages of schizophrenia. Motor phenomena are associated with distinct symptom dimensions and may indicate poor outcomes. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated altered neural maturation within critical motor networks in subjects at risk. Furthermore, specific categories of motor dysfunction were associated with distinct structural and functional alterations in the motor system in schizophrenia. Motor abnormalities provide a unique window into the pathobiology of psychosis and have the potential to guide screening, staging, and outcome prediction.
Entities:
Keywords:
Motor; Movement abnormality; Psychosis; Schizophrenia
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