Eivind Ystrom1,2,3, Kristin Gustavson4,2, Ragnhild Eek Brandlistuen4, Gun Peggy Knudsen4, Per Magnus4,5, Ezra Susser6,7, George Davey Smith8, Camilla Stoltenberg4,9, Pål Surén4, Siri E Håberg4, Mady Hornig6, W Ian Lipkin6, Hedvig Nordeng4,3, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud4,5. 1. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; eivind.ystrom@fhi.no. 2. Section of Health, Developmental, and Personality Psychology, Department of Psychology. 3. PharmacoEpidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, School of Pharmacy, and. 4. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. 5. Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 6. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York. 7. New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York. 8. Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and. 9. Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the association between maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy and of paternal use before pregnancy with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring while adjusting for familial risk for ADHD and indications of acetaminophen use. METHODS: Diagnoses were obtained from the Norwegian Patient Registry for 112 973 offspring from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, including 2246 with ADHD. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for an ADHD diagnosis by using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: After adjusting for maternal use of acetaminophen before pregnancy, familial risk for ADHD, and indications of acetaminophen use, we observed a modest association between any prenatal maternal use of acetaminophen in 1 (HR = 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96-1.19), 2 (HR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.07-1.38), and 3 trimesters (HR = 1.27; 95% CI 0.99-1.63). The HR for more than 29 days of maternal acetaminophen use was 2.20 (95% CI 1.50-3.24). Use for <8 days was negatively associated with ADHD (HR = 0.90; 95% CI 0.81-1.00). Acetaminophen use for fever and infections for 22 to 28 days was associated with ADHD (HR = 6.15; 95% CI 1.71-22.05). Paternal and maternal use of acetaminophen were similarly associated with ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy was negatively associated with ADHD in offspring. Long-term maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy was substantially associated with ADHD even after adjusting for indications of use, familial risk of ADHD, and other potential confounders.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the association between maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy and of paternal use before pregnancy with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring while adjusting for familial risk for ADHD and indications of acetaminophen use. METHODS: Diagnoses were obtained from the Norwegian Patient Registry for 112 973 offspring from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, including 2246 with ADHD. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for an ADHD diagnosis by using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: After adjusting for maternal use of acetaminophen before pregnancy, familial risk for ADHD, and indications of acetaminophen use, we observed a modest association between any prenatal maternal use of acetaminophen in 1 (HR = 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96-1.19), 2 (HR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.07-1.38), and 3 trimesters (HR = 1.27; 95% CI 0.99-1.63). The HR for more than 29 days of maternal acetaminophen use was 2.20 (95% CI 1.50-3.24). Use for <8 days was negatively associated with ADHD (HR = 0.90; 95% CI 0.81-1.00). Acetaminophen use for fever and infections for 22 to 28 days was associated with ADHD (HR = 6.15; 95% CI 1.71-22.05). Paternal and maternal use of acetaminophen were similarly associated with ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy was negatively associated with ADHD in offspring. Long-term maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy was substantially associated with ADHD even after adjusting for indications of use, familial risk of ADHD, and other potential confounders.
Authors: Akhgar Ghassabian; Jacoba J Bongers-Schokking; Jens Henrichs; Vincent W V Jaddoe; Theo J Visser; Willy Visser; Sabine M P F de Muinck Keizer-Schrama; Herbert Hooijkaas; Eric A P Steegers; Albert Hofman; Frank C Verhulst; Jan van der Ende; Yolanda B de Rijke; Henning Tiemeier Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2011-05 Impact factor: 3.756
Authors: O Albert; C Desdoits-Lethimonier; L Lesné; A Legrand; F Guillé; K Bensalah; N Dejucq-Rainsford; B Jégou Journal: Hum Reprod Date: 2013-05-12 Impact factor: 6.918
Authors: Zeyan Liew; Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou; Andrea L Roberts; Éilis J O'Reilly; Alberto Ascherio; Marc G Weisskopf Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2019-04-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Hannah E Laue; Raphael Cassoulet; Nadia Abdelouahab; Yasmine K Serme-Gbedo; Anne-Sandrine Desautels; Kasey J M Brennan; Jean-Philippe Bellenger; Heather H Burris; Brent A Coull; Marc G Weisskopf; Larissa Takser; Andrea A Baccarelli Journal: Toxicol Sci Date: 2019-01-01 Impact factor: 4.849
Authors: Navneet Suda; Jasmine Cendejas Hernandez; John Poulton; John P Jones; Zacharoula Konsoula; Caroline Smith; William Parker Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-06-25 Impact factor: 3.240