Roksana B Zak1, B M Hassenstab2, L K Zuehlke2, M W S Heesch2, R J Shute2, T L Laursen2, D T LaSalle2, D R Slivka2. 1. Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska-Omaha, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA. rzak@unomaha.edu. 2. Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska-Omaha, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the impact of local muscle heating and cooling on myogenic and proteolytic gene responses following resistance exercise. METHODS: Recreationally trained males (n = 12), age 25.3 ± 1.5, % body fat 13.6 ± 1.92, completed four sets of 8-12 repetitions of unilateral leg press and leg extension while heating one leg, and cooling the other. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis of each leg pre and 4 h post exercise. RESULTS: MyoD, FOXO1, and MuRF1 mRNA increased with exercise regardless of temperature (p < 0.05). Myostatin, MYF5, and atrogin-1 mRNA decreased with exercise regardless of temperature (p < 0.05). Myogenin, MRF4, and CASP3 mRNA were higher in the hot condition, compared to the cold (p < 0.05). PAX7 mRNA was lower in the hot compared to cold condition (p = 0.041). FOXO3 mRNA was higher in the cold compared to hot condition (p = 0.037). AKT1 and AKT2 were unaffected by either exercise or temperature. Femoral artery blood flow volume was higher in the hot (375.2 ± 41.2 ml min- 1), compared to the cold condition (263.5 ± 23.9 ml min- 1), p = 0.01. Tissue oxygen saturation was higher in the hot (71.7 ± 4.8%) than cold condition (55.3 ± 5.0%). CONCLUSION: These results suggest an impaired muscle growth response with local cold application compared to local heat application.
PURPOSE: To determine the impact of local muscle heating and cooling on myogenic and proteolytic gene responses following resistance exercise. METHODS: Recreationally trained males (n = 12), age 25.3 ± 1.5, % body fat 13.6 ± 1.92, completed four sets of 8-12 repetitions of unilateral leg press and leg extension while heating one leg, and cooling the other. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis of each leg pre and 4 h post exercise. RESULTS:MyoD, FOXO1, and MuRF1 mRNA increased with exercise regardless of temperature (p < 0.05). Myostatin, MYF5, and atrogin-1 mRNA decreased with exercise regardless of temperature (p < 0.05). Myogenin, MRF4, and CASP3 mRNA were higher in the hot condition, compared to the cold (p < 0.05). PAX7 mRNA was lower in the hot compared to cold condition (p = 0.041). FOXO3 mRNA was higher in the cold compared to hot condition (p = 0.037). AKT1 and AKT2 were unaffected by either exercise or temperature. Femoral artery blood flow volume was higher in the hot (375.2 ± 41.2 ml min- 1), compared to the cold condition (263.5 ± 23.9 ml min- 1), p = 0.01. Tissue oxygen saturation was higher in the hot (71.7 ± 4.8%) than cold condition (55.3 ± 5.0%). CONCLUSION: These results suggest an impaired muscle growth response with local cold application compared to local heat application.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cold; Hot; Muscle breakdown; Muscle growth; Resistance exercise; Temperature
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