3D CT simulation in minimally invasive thoracic surgery.

Nearly half a century ago Hounsfield had developed computed tomography. In the history of CT, notable progress was accomplished around the year of 2000 by multi-detector scanning CT which could provide volume data of the objects and establish three-dimensional visualization together with advancement of image processing technology. For the thoracic surgeon, the understanding of anatomical structures of the bronchi, the pulmonary arteries and the veins, which originated from the heart and intersect complicatedly, is indispensable for treatment. Now advancement of CT images provides vital information for surgeons and has realized pre- and intra-operative simulation and navigation in minimally invasive thoracoscopic lobectomy.