Shoujiang You1, Xia Wang2, Richard I Lindley2,3, Thompson Robinson4, Craig S Anderson2,5, Yongjun Cao1, John Chalmers2. 1. Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. 2. The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 3. Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 4. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. 5. The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Data on cognitive impairment after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are limited. This study is aimed at determining the frequency and predictors of cognitive impairment among participants of the pilot phase, Intensive Blood Pressure (BP) Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT1). METHODS: INTERACT1 was an open randomized trial of early intensive (target systolic BP <140 mm Hg) compared with contemporaneous guideline-recommended BP lowering in 404 patients with elevated systolic BP (150-220 mm Hg) within 6 h of ICH onset. Cognitive impairment was defined by scores ≤24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) assessed by interview on follow-up at 90 days. RESULTS: A total of 231 (64.5%) of 358 90-day survivors had MMSE scores for analyses, and 75 (32.5%) had cognitive impairment. In multivariable analysis, older age (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.73-3.56 per 10-year increase; p < 0.001), female sex (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.00-4.23; p = 0.049), prior ICH (OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.08-7.65; p = 0.035), high baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.13; p = 0.044), and high mean systolic BP over the first 24 h post-randomization (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.68/10 mm Hg increase; p = 0.011) were independently associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: One third of patients have significant cognitive impairment early after ICH, which is more frequent in the elderly, females, those with prior ICH, and more severe initial neurological deficit and with persistently high early systolic BP.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Data on cognitive impairment after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are limited. This study is aimed at determining the frequency and predictors of cognitive impairment among participants of the pilot phase, Intensive Blood Pressure (BP) Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT1). METHODS: INTERACT1 was an open randomized trial of early intensive (target systolic BP <140 mm Hg) compared with contemporaneous guideline-recommended BP lowering in 404 patients with elevated systolic BP (150-220 mm Hg) within 6 h of ICH onset. Cognitive impairment was defined by scores ≤24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) assessed by interview on follow-up at 90 days. RESULTS: A total of 231 (64.5%) of 358 90-day survivors had MMSE scores for analyses, and 75 (32.5%) had cognitive impairment. In multivariable analysis, older age (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.73-3.56 per 10-year increase; p < 0.001), female sex (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.00-4.23; p = 0.049), prior ICH (OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.08-7.65; p = 0.035), high baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.13; p = 0.044), and high mean systolic BP over the first 24 h post-randomization (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.68/10 mm Hg increase; p = 0.011) were independently associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: One third of patients have significant cognitive impairment early after ICH, which is more frequent in the elderly, females, those with prior ICH, and more severe initial neurological deficit and with persistently high early systolic BP.