Flavobacterium amniphilum sp. nov., isolated from a stream.

Strain KYPY10T, isolated from a water sample taken from the Funglin Stream in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain KYPY10T were Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, motile by gliding, rod-shaped surrounded by a thick capsule, and formed light-yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 20-30 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 6-7 (optimum, pH 6) and with 0-0.2 % NaCl (optimum, 0 % w/v). Phylogenetic analyses, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, showed that strain KYPY10T belonged to the genus Flavobacterium and was most closely related to Flavobacterium brevivitae TTM-43T (98.4 % sequence similarity) and Flavobacterium vireti THG-SM1T (98.0 %). Strain KYPY10T contained iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and iso-C16 : 0 as the predominant fatty acids. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, four uncharacterized aminophospholipids, five uncharacterized phospholipids and one uncharacterized lipid. The major polyamines were homospermidine and putrescine. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain KYPY10T was 41.0 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness of strain KYPY10T with respect to recognized species of the genus Flavobacterium was less than 70 %. On the basis of the phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain KYPY10T was recognized as a representative of a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium. The name Flavobacterium amniphilum sp. nov. is proposed, with strain KYPY10T (=BCRC 81006T=LMG 29727T=KCTC 52443T) as the type strain.