Specific Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) represents a treatment option for a diversity of advanced hematopoietic malignancies providing hope for long-term responses especially due to immunogenic effects associated with the treatment modality. Despite respectable progress in the field, relapses and/or opportunistic infections are major reasons for the high treatment-related mortality. However, a number of novel immunotherapeutic approaches using defined cell populations have been developed to directly target residual malignant cells as well as defined infectious diseases. We here provide an overview of current adoptive cellular immunotherapies in the context of allo-HSCT and close with an outlook on new directions within the field.