Highly Efficient Dual Active Palladium Nanonetwork Electrocatalyst for Ethanol Oxidation and Hydrogen Evolution.

Tunable palladium nanonetwork (PdNN) has been developed for catalyzing ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline electrolyte. 3D PdNN is regarded as a dual active electrocatalyst for both EOR and HER for energy conversion application. The PdNN has been synthesized by the simple chemical route with the assistance of zinc precursor and a surfactant (i.e., cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB). The thickness of the network can be tuned by simply adjusting the concentration of CTAB. Both EOR and HER have been performed in an alkaline electrolyte, and characterized by different voltammetric methods. The 3D PdNN has shown 2.2-fold higher electrochemical surface area than the commercially available Pt/C including other tested catalysts with minimal Pd loading. As a result, it provides a higher density of EOR and HER active sites and facilitated the electron transport. For example, it shows 2.6-fold higher mass activity with significantly lower CO2 production for EOR and the similar overpotential (110 mV @ 10 mA cm-2) for HER compared to Pt/C with better reaction kinetics for both reactions. Thus, the PdNN is proved as an efficient electrocatalyst with better electrocatalytic activity and stability than state-of-the-art Pt/C for both EOR and HER because of the crystalline, monodispersed, and support-free porous nanonetwork.