Viktor E Krebs1, Randa K Elmallah2, Anton Khlopas1, Morad Chughtai1, Peter M Bonutti3, Martin Roche4, Michael A Mont1. 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. 2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi. 3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bonutti Clinic, Effingham, Illinois. 4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This literature review is aimed at identifying the different methods for superficial and deep wound closure in total knee arthroplasty and evaluating their outcomes. We evaluated (1) closure time, (2) infection and other complication rates, and (3) local wound-related outcomes. METHODS: A thorough search of the literature was performed using 3 electronic databases. Inclusion criteria included manuscripts that were written in English and available in full-text format. Reports were stratified into those that describe deep closure (7) and those that describe superficial closure (11). RESULTS: In superficial closure, staples may provide the fastest closure, adhesives, lower incidence of superficial complications, and subcuticular suture closures, greatest blood flow. In deep closure, barbed sutures may allow for faster closure time while providing similar postoperative complication rates and outcomes when compared to traditional sutures. The use of barbed sutures has been shown to utilize fewer resources and may potentially lead to a slight reduction in costs. CONCLUSION: Ultimately, no optimal closure technique has been developed, and current studies do not provide a clear evidence-based answer. This field needs much more evidence-based studies before one can draw conclusions. Even though some of these studies are prospective and randomized, they may not be generalizable. Also, many of the studies have small numbers and are subject to type II errors and fragility. Certainly, more studies are needed to truly understand the advantages and disadvantages of these new methods. Nevertheless, this review allows orthopedists to evaluate the differences between closure methods.
BACKGROUND: This literature review is aimed at identifying the different methods for superficial and deep wound closure in total knee arthroplasty and evaluating their outcomes. We evaluated (1) closure time, (2) infection and other complication rates, and (3) local wound-related outcomes. METHODS: A thorough search of the literature was performed using 3 electronic databases. Inclusion criteria included manuscripts that were written in English and available in full-text format. Reports were stratified into those that describe deep closure (7) and those that describe superficial closure (11). RESULTS: In superficial closure, staples may provide the fastest closure, adhesives, lower incidence of superficial complications, and subcuticular suture closures, greatest blood flow. In deep closure, barbed sutures may allow for faster closure time while providing similar postoperative complication rates and outcomes when compared to traditional sutures. The use of barbed sutures has been shown to utilize fewer resources and may potentially lead to a slight reduction in costs. CONCLUSION: Ultimately, no optimal closure technique has been developed, and current studies do not provide a clear evidence-based answer. This field needs much more evidence-based studies before one can draw conclusions. Even though some of these studies are prospective and randomized, they may not be generalizable. Also, many of the studies have small numbers and are subject to type II errors and fragility. Certainly, more studies are needed to truly understand the advantages and disadvantages of these new methods. Nevertheless, this review allows orthopedists to evaluate the differences between closure methods.
Authors: A van de Kuit; R J Krishnan; W H Mallee; L M Goedhart; B Lambert; J N Doornberg; T M J S Vervest; J Martin Journal: Arthroplasty Date: 2022-03-04
Authors: N P Kort; E Gómez Barrena; M Bédard; S Donell; J-A Epinette; B Gomberg; M T Hirschmann; P Indelli; Ismail Khosravi; T Karachalios; M C Liebensteiner; B Stuyts; R Tandogan; B Violante; L Zagra; M Thaler Journal: Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc Date: 2020-08-25 Impact factor: 4.342