Syudo Yamasaki1, Satoshi Usami2, Ryo Sasaki3, Shinsuke Koike4, Shuntaro Ando5, Yuko Kitagawa6, Misato Matamura6, Masako Fukushima7, Hiromi Yonehara7, Jerome Clifford Foo8, Atsushi Nishida1, Tsukasa Sasaki9. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan. 2. Department of Psychology, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan. 3. School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan. 4. University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. 6. Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. 7. The University of Tokyo Secondary School attached to the Faculty of Education, Minamidai, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 164-8654, Japan. 8. Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany. 9. Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. Electronic address: psytokyo@yahoo.co.jp.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recent cross-sectional studies suggest that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are associated with depression and anxiety in adolescents. While longitudinal studies have observed that adolescents suffer more severe symptoms of depression/anxiety when PLEs persist, it remains unclear whether depression/anxiety worsens or improves with PLE emergence or remission, respectively. In this prospective school-based study, we investigated the association between longitudinal changes in depression/anxiety and one-year PLE trajectories in adolescence. METHODS: Nine hundred and twelve adolescents participated in the baseline assessment of PLEs and depression/anxiety; 887 (97.3%) adolescents completed the follow-up assessment one year later. Multilevel analysis was conducted to evaluate the change in depression/anxiety, evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), during the year according to PLE trajectory, adjusting for baseline depression/anxiety, gender, age, substance use and victimization. RESULTS: Sixteen percent of adolescents reported PLEs at baseline, with 56% of them remitting at follow-up. At follow-up, PLEs were experienced by 6.6% of adolescents not experiencing PLEs at baseline (incident PLE group). After adjusting for covariates, GHQ-12 score worsened significantly during the year in students with incident trajectories (regression coefficient for time, α1=1.91, 95% CI: 1.04-2.77), but in those showing remission, GHQ-12 score did not significantly improve (α1=-0.20, 95% CI: -0.97-0.56). CONCLUSIONS: Greater awareness about PLEs and their trajectories in school health care settings may be a key towards the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression and anxiety.
BACKGROUND: Recent cross-sectional studies suggest that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are associated with depression and anxiety in adolescents. While longitudinal studies have observed that adolescents suffer more severe symptoms of depression/anxiety when PLEs persist, it remains unclear whether depression/anxiety worsens or improves with PLE emergence or remission, respectively. In this prospective school-based study, we investigated the association between longitudinal changes in depression/anxiety and one-year PLE trajectories in adolescence. METHODS: Nine hundred and twelve adolescents participated in the baseline assessment of PLEs and depression/anxiety; 887 (97.3%) adolescents completed the follow-up assessment one year later. Multilevel analysis was conducted to evaluate the change in depression/anxiety, evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), during the year according to PLE trajectory, adjusting for baseline depression/anxiety, gender, age, substance use and victimization. RESULTS: Sixteen percent of adolescents reported PLEs at baseline, with 56% of them remitting at follow-up. At follow-up, PLEs were experienced by 6.6% of adolescents not experiencing PLEs at baseline (incident PLE group). After adjusting for covariates, GHQ-12 score worsened significantly during the year in students with incident trajectories (regression coefficient for time, α1=1.91, 95% CI: 1.04-2.77), but in those showing remission, GHQ-12 score did not significantly improve (α1=-0.20, 95% CI: -0.97-0.56). CONCLUSIONS: Greater awareness about PLEs and their trajectories in school health care settings may be a key towards the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression and anxiety.
Authors: Saliha El Bouhaddani; Lieke van Domburgh; Barbara Schaefer; Theo A H Doreleijers; Wim Veling Journal: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2019-04-09 Impact factor: 4.785
Authors: Nicole R Karcher; Deanna M Barch; Shelli Avenevoli; Mark Savill; Rebekah S Huber; Tony J Simon; Ingrid N Leckliter; Kenneth J Sher; Rachel L Loewy Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2018-08-01 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Paul G Nestor; Victoria Choate Hasler; Keira O'Donovan; Hannah E Lapp; Sara B Boodai; Richard Hunter Journal: Brain Behav Date: 2021-05-01 Impact factor: 2.708
Authors: Nicole R Karcher; Rachel L Loewy; Mark Savill; Shelli Avenevoli; Rebekah S Huber; Tony J Simon; Ingrid N Leckliter; Kenneth J Sher; Deanna M Barch Journal: Schizophr Bull Open Date: 2020-06-12