Paulo R Nunes-Neto1, Cristiano A Köhler1, Felipe B Schuch2, Marco Solmi3, João Quevedo4, Michael Maes5, Andrea Murru6, Eduard Vieta6, Roger S McIntyre7, Susan L McElroy8, Ashley N Gearhardt9, Brendon Stubbs10, André F Carvalho11. 1. Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. 2. Mestrado em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 3. Neuroscience Department, University of Padua, Padova, Italy; Institute for Clinical Research and Education in Medicine (IREM), Padua, Italy. 4. Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; IMPACT Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. 6. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. 7. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 8. Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH, USA. 9. Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. 10. Institute for Clinical Research and Education in Medicine (IREM), Padua, Italy; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom;; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8 AF, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom. 11. Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Institute for Clinical Research and Education in Medicine (IREM), Padua, Italy. Electronic address: andrefc7@hotmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of food addiction in a large Brazilian non-clinical sample. Sociodemographic and psychopathological correlates of food addiction as well as associations with quality (QoL) domains were also investigated. METHODS: This cross-sectional study obtained data from a Brazilian anonymous web-based research platform (N = 7639; 71.3% females). Participants provided sociodemographic data and completed the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, PHQ-9, hypomania checklist (HCL-32), Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, AUDIT, modified Skin picking-Stanford questionnaire, Minnesota impulsive disorders interview, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised inventory (SCL-90R), early trauma inventory self report-short form, and the WHO Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-Bref). Associations were adjusted to potential confounders through multivariable models. RESULTS: The prevalence of food addiction was 4.32% (95%CI: 3.89-4.80%), and was more common among females. Food addiction was associated with a positive screen for a major depressive episode (OR = 4.41; 95%CI: 3.46-5.62), bipolar spectrum disorder (OR = 1.98; 95%CI: 1.43-2.75), and skin picking disorder (OR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.31-3.09). Food addiction was also independently associated with exposure to early life psychological and sexual abuse (P = 0.008) as well as with reduced physical, psychological, social, and environment QoL (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Food addiction may be common in low and middle-income countries, though possibly less prevalent than in the US. Food addiction was associated with co-occurring mood disorders and skin picking disorder as well as with early life psychological and sexual abuse. Finally, food addiction was independently associated with broad reductions in QoL. Public health efforts towards the early recognition and management of food addiction are warranted.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of food addiction in a large Brazilian non-clinical sample. Sociodemographic and psychopathological correlates of food addiction as well as associations with quality (QoL) domains were also investigated. METHODS: This cross-sectional study obtained data from a Brazilian anonymous web-based research platform (N = 7639; 71.3% females). Participants provided sociodemographic data and completed the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, PHQ-9, hypomania checklist (HCL-32), Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, AUDIT, modified Skin picking-Stanford questionnaire, Minnesota impulsive disorders interview, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised inventory (SCL-90R), early trauma inventory self report-short form, and the WHO Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-Bref). Associations were adjusted to potential confounders through multivariable models. RESULTS: The prevalence of food addiction was 4.32% (95%CI: 3.89-4.80%), and was more common among females. Food addiction was associated with a positive screen for a major depressive episode (OR = 4.41; 95%CI: 3.46-5.62), bipolar spectrum disorder (OR = 1.98; 95%CI: 1.43-2.75), and skin picking disorder (OR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.31-3.09). Food addiction was also independently associated with exposure to early life psychological and sexual abuse (P = 0.008) as well as with reduced physical, psychological, social, and environment QoL (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Food addiction may be common in low and middle-income countries, though possibly less prevalent than in the US. Food addiction was associated with co-occurring mood disorders and skin picking disorder as well as with early life psychological and sexual abuse. Finally, food addiction was independently associated with broad reductions in QoL. Public health efforts towards the early recognition and management of food addiction are warranted.
Authors: Tien S Dong; Emeran A Mayer; Vadim Osadchiy; Candace Chang; William Katzka; Venu Lagishetty; Kimberly Gonzalez; Amir Kalani; Jean Stains; Jonathan P Jacobs; Valter D Longo; Arpana Gupta Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2020-08 Impact factor: 5.002