Further characterization of a somatic cell mutant defective in regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase.

Two enzymes of mammalian cellular mevalonate biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase and HMG-CoA reductase, have been shown to be regulated by exogenous sterols. It has been demonstrated that these enzymes are regulated, at least in part, by transcriptional control of their synthesis. We have previously described a somatic cell mutant (CR1) of the CHO-K1 cell line that is defective in regulation of the activity of these enzymes in response to exogenous sterols. In this report, we demonstrate that this mutant is defective in regulation of the mRNA levels for HMG-CoA reductase and HMG-CoA synthase by 25-hydroxycholesterol and mevinolin. In the case of HMG-CoA reductase, this loss of apparent transcriptional control is not accompanied by a comparable loss in regulation of synthesis of this enzyme. This observation is consistent with prior studies suggesting that HMG-CoA reductase can be regulated translationally. We also show that CR1 cells exhibit a constitutively rapid rate of degradation of HMG-CoA reductase.