E Wouters1, C Masquillier2, N Sommerland2, M Engelbrecht3, A J Van Rensburg3, G Kigozi3, A Rau3. 1. Department of Sociology and Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. 2. Department of Sociology and Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. 3. Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Abstract
SETTING: Recent evidence indicates that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) related stigma act as a key barrier to the utilisation of associated occupational health services by South African health care workers (HCWs). It also highlights a dearth of appropriate tools to measure HIV and TB stigma among HCWs. OBJECTIVE: To test four scales measuring different aspects of stigma: respondent's external stigma (RES) and others' external stigma (OES) towards TB as well as HIV across different professional categories of HCWs. DESIGN: The current study employs data from a study on HIV and TB stigma among HCWs, a cluster randomised controlled trial for the collection of data among 882 HCWs in the Free State Province of South Africa. Confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modelling were used to assess the validity and reliability of the scales. RESULTS: All four scales displayed adequate internal construct validity. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that all four scales were metric-invariant, and that the OES scales were even scalar-invariant across patient and support staff groups. The scales displayed good reliability and external construct validity. CONCLUSION: Our results support the use of the scales developed to measure TB and HIV stigma among HCWs. Further research is, however, needed to fine tune the instruments and test them across different resource-limited countries.
RCT Entities:
SETTING: Recent evidence indicates that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) related stigma act as a key barrier to the utilisation of associated occupational health services by South African health care workers (HCWs). It also highlights a dearth of appropriate tools to measure HIV and TB stigma among HCWs. OBJECTIVE: To test four scales measuring different aspects of stigma: respondent's external stigma (RES) and others' external stigma (OES) towards TB as well as HIV across different professional categories of HCWs. DESIGN: The current study employs data from a study on HIV and TB stigma among HCWs, a cluster randomised controlled trial for the collection of data among 882 HCWs in the Free State Province of South Africa. Confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modelling were used to assess the validity and reliability of the scales. RESULTS: All four scales displayed adequate internal construct validity. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that all four scales were metric-invariant, and that the OES scales were even scalar-invariant across patient and support staff groups. The scales displayed good reliability and external construct validity. CONCLUSION: Our results support the use of the scales developed to measure TB and HIV stigma among HCWs. Further research is, however, needed to fine tune the instruments and test them across different resource-limited countries.
Authors: Virginia Bond; Sinazo Nomsenge; Monde Mwamba; Daniel Ziba; Alice Birch; Constance Mubekapi-Musadaidzwa; Nosivuyile Vanqa; Lario Viljoen; Triantafyllos Pliakas; Helen Ayles; James Hargreaves; Graeme Hoddinott; Anne Stangl; Janet Seeley Journal: Health Place Date: 2018-12-07 Impact factor: 4.078
Authors: Kristina L Bajema; Rachel W Kubiak; Brandon L Guthrie; Susan M Graham; Sabina Govere; Hilary Thulare; Mahomed-Yunus Moosa; Connie Celum; Paul K Drain Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2020-09-03 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Antonio Baldassarre; Gabriele Giorgi; Federico Alessio; Lucrezia Ginevra Lulli; Giulio Arcangeli; Nicola Mucci Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-08-31 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Jeffrey V Lazarus; Kelly Safreed-Harmon; Adeeba Kamarulzaman; Jane Anderson; Ricardo Baptista Leite; Georg Behrens; Linda-Gail Bekker; Sanjay Bhagani; Darren Brown; Graham Brown; Susan Buchbinder; Carlos Caceres; Pedro E Cahn; Patrizia Carrieri; Georgina Caswell; Graham S Cooke; Antonella d'Arminio Monforte; Nikos Dedes; Julia Del Amo; Richard Elliott; Wafaa M El-Sadr; María José Fuster-Ruiz de Apodaca; Giovanni Guaraldi; Tim Hallett; Richard Harding; Margaret Hellard; Shabbar Jaffar; Meaghan Kall; Marina Klein; Sharon R Lewin; Ken Mayer; Jose A Pérez-Molina; Doreen Moraa; Denise Naniche; Denis Nash; Teymur Noori; Anton Pozniak; Reena Rajasuriar; Peter Reiss; Nesrine Rizk; Jürgen Rockstroh; Diana Romero; Caroline Sabin; David Serwadda; Laura Waters Journal: Nat Commun Date: 2021-07-16 Impact factor: 14.919