Petra Jones1,2, Janet E Cade1, Charlotte E L Evans1, Neil Hancock1, Darren C Greenwood1,3. 1. Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. 2. Department of Food Studies & Environmental Health, University of Malta, Msida, Malta. 3. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Abstract
Background: Evidence from epidemiological studies investigating associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer is inconsistent. The aim of this study is to assess in the UK Women's Cohort Study whether adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with reduced incidence of cancers of the colon and rectum. Method: A total of 35 372 women were followed for a median of 17.4 years. A 10-component score indicating adherence to the Mediterranean diet was generated for each cohort participant, using a 217-item food frequency questionnaire. The Mediterranean diet score ranged from 0 for minimal adherence to 10 for maximal adherence. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to provide adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colon and rectal cancer risk. Results: A total of 465 incident colorectal cancer cases were documented. In the multivariable adjusted model, the test for trend was positive (HR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.99; Ptrend = 0.03) for a 2-point increment in the Mediterranean diet score. For rectal cancer, a 2-point increment in the Mediterranean diet score resulted in an HR (95% CI) of 0.69 (0.56 to 0.86), whereas a 62% linear reduced risk (HR 0.38; 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.74; Ptrend < 0.001) was observed for women within the highest vs the lowest category of the MD score. Estimates for an association with colon cancer were weak (Ptrend = 0.41). Conclusions: Findings suggest that women adhering to a Mediterranean dietary pattern may have a lower risk of colorectal cancer, especially rectal cancer.
Background: Evidence from epidemiological studies investigating associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer is inconsistent. The aim of this study is to assess in the UK Women's Cohort Study whether adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with reduced incidence of cancers of the colon and rectum. Method: A total of 35 372 women were followed for a median of 17.4 years. A 10-component score indicating adherence to the Mediterranean diet was generated for each cohort participant, using a 217-item food frequency questionnaire. The Mediterranean diet score ranged from 0 for minimal adherence to 10 for maximal adherence. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to provide adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colon and rectal cancer risk. Results: A total of 465 incident colorectal cancer cases were documented. In the multivariable adjusted model, the test for trend was positive (HR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.99; Ptrend = 0.03) for a 2-point increment in the Mediterranean diet score. For rectal cancer, a 2-point increment in the Mediterranean diet score resulted in an HR (95% CI) of 0.69 (0.56 to 0.86), whereas a 62% linear reduced risk (HR 0.38; 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.74; Ptrend < 0.001) was observed for women within the highest vs the lowest category of the MD score. Estimates for an association with colon cancer were weak (Ptrend = 0.41). Conclusions: Findings suggest that women adhering to a Mediterranean dietary pattern may have a lower risk of colorectal cancer, especially rectal cancer.
Authors: Joshua Petimar; Stephanie A Smith-Warner; Teresa T Fung; Bernard Rosner; Andrew T Chan; Frank B Hu; Edward L Giovannucci; Fred K Tabung Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2018-11-01 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Diego Rada-Fernandez de Jauregui; Charlotte E L Evans; Petra Jones; Darren C Greenwood; Neil Hancock; Janet E Cade Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2018-04-01 Impact factor: 7.396
Authors: Spyros Kolovos; Guido Nador; Bhuvan Kishore; Matthew Streetly; Neil K Rabin; Andrew D Chantry; Kwee Yong; John Ashcroft; Stella Bowcock; Mark T Drayson; Karthik Ramasamy; Daniel Prieto-Alhambra; Cyrus Cooper; M Kassim Javaid; Rafael Pinedo-Villanueva Journal: J Bone Oncol Date: 2019-06-07 Impact factor: 4.072