Precise Assembly of Particles for Zigzag or Linear Patterns.

Precise control of particles assembly has tremendous potential for fabricating intricate structures and functional materials. However, it is still a challenge to achieve one-dimensional assembly with precisely controlled morphology. An effective strategy is reported to precisely assemble particles into well-defined patterns by liquid confinement through controlling the viscosity of the assembly system. It is found that high viscosity of the system impedes particles rearrangement and facilitates the generation of zigzag or twined zigzag assembly structures, while low viscosity of the system allows particles to rearrange into linear or zipper structures driven by lowering the surface deformation of the liquid. As a result, precise control of different assembly patterns can be achieved through tuning the viscosity of solvent and size confinement ratios. This facile approach shows generality for particles assembly of different sizes and materials.