Julie M McCarthy1, Chun S Zuo2, Justin M Shepherd3, Nadeeka Dias4, Scott E Lukas5, Amy C Janes6. 1. McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States. Electronic address: jmccarthy@mclean.harvard.edu. 2. McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States. Electronic address: chun@mclean.harvard.edu. 3. McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States. Electronic address: jmshepherd@mclean.harvard.edu. 4. McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States. Electronic address: nadeekadias@gmail.com. 5. McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States. Electronic address: slukas@mclean.harvard.edu. 6. McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States. Electronic address: ajanes@mclean.harvard.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Individuals who use cocaine have fewer cognitive resources needed to maintain abstinence. This is evidenced by blunted brain function during cognitive control tasks and reduced communication between brain regions associated with cognitive function. For instance, relapse vulnerability is heightened in individuals with less communication between the right and left frontoparietal executive control network (ECN). Given that recent cocaine use enhances such communication, it is plausible that recency of cocaine use influences interhemispheric ECN communication. However, it is unclear whether ECN communication weakens over the course of early cocaine abstinence, which may then enhance relapse risk. METHODS: In ten men with cocaine use disorder, we conducted a preliminary assessment of the relationship between the number of days since last cocaine use (1-3days) and interhemispheric ECN coupling using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). RESULTS: Reduced interhemispheric ECN coupling was associated with increasing days since last cocaine use; weaker coupling was also associated with lower urine cocaine metabolite concentrations. This association was more prominent in prefrontal than parietal ECN-subregions. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results indicate that resting state interhemispheric ECN coupling weakens within the first few days following last cocaine use. Because of the known link between reduced ECN interhemispheric coupling and relapse vulnerability, these results suggest that relapse risk may increase the longer an individual abstains during an early quit attempt. Treatments focused on reversing this coupling deficit may facilitate abstinence.
BACKGROUND: Individuals who use cocaine have fewer cognitive resources needed to maintain abstinence. This is evidenced by blunted brain function during cognitive control tasks and reduced communication between brain regions associated with cognitive function. For instance, relapse vulnerability is heightened in individuals with less communication between the right and left frontoparietal executive control network (ECN). Given that recent cocaine use enhances such communication, it is plausible that recency of cocaine use influences interhemispheric ECN communication. However, it is unclear whether ECN communication weakens over the course of early cocaine abstinence, which may then enhance relapse risk. METHODS: In ten men with cocaine use disorder, we conducted a preliminary assessment of the relationship between the number of days since last cocaine use (1-3days) and interhemispheric ECN coupling using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). RESULTS: Reduced interhemispheric ECN coupling was associated with increasing days since last cocaine use; weaker coupling was also associated with lower urine cocaine metabolite concentrations. This association was more prominent in prefrontal than parietal ECN-subregions. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results indicate that resting state interhemispheric ECN coupling weakens within the first few days following last cocaine use. Because of the known link between reduced ECN interhemispheric coupling and relapse vulnerability, these results suggest that relapse risk may increase the longer an individual abstains during an early quit attempt. Treatments focused on reversing this coupling deficit may facilitate abstinence.
Authors: Angela R Laird; P Mickle Fox; Simon B Eickhoff; Jessica A Turner; Kimberly L Ray; D Reese McKay; David C Glahn; Christian F Beckmann; Stephen M Smith; Peter T Fox Journal: J Cogn Neurosci Date: 2011-06-14 Impact factor: 3.225
Authors: Robert E Kelly; George S Alexopoulos; Zhishun Wang; Faith M Gunning; Christopher F Murphy; Sarah Shizuko Morimoto; Dora Kanellopoulos; Zhiru Jia; Kelvin O Lim; Matthew J Hoptman Journal: J Neurosci Methods Date: 2010-04-08 Impact factor: 2.390
Authors: Humsini Viswanath; Kenia M Velasquez; Ricky Savjani; David L Molfese; Kaylah Curtis; Peter J Molfese; David M Eagleman; Philip R Baldwin; B Christopher Frueh; J Christopher Fowler; Ramiro Salas Journal: Neuropharmacology Date: 2015-01-12 Impact factor: 5.250
Authors: Bradley D Sussner; David A Smelson; Stephanie Rodrigues; Anna Kline; Miklos Losonczy; Douglas Ziedonis Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2005-12-27 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: K I Bolla; D A Eldreth; E D London; K A Kiehl; M Mouratidis; C Contoreggi; J A Matochik; V Kurian; J L Cadet; A S Kimes; F R Funderburk; M Ernst Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2003-07 Impact factor: 6.556
Authors: Deepti Putcha; Robert S Ross; Alice Cronin-Golomb; Amy C Janes; Chantal E Stern Journal: Neuroimage Clin Date: 2015-01-27 Impact factor: 4.891
Authors: Amy C Janes; Maya Zegel; Kyoko Ohashi; Jennifer Betts; Elena Molokotos; David Olson; Lauren Moran; Diego A Pizzagalli Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2018-04-19 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: A Stewart Campbell; Brittany D Needham; Christopher R Meyer; Joanna Tan; Mary Conrad; Gregory M Preston; Federico Bolognani; Srinivas G Rao; Helen Heussler; Rebecca Griffith; Adam J Guastella; Amy C Janes; Blaise Frederick; David H Donabedian; Sarkis K Mazmanian Journal: Nat Med Date: 2022-02-14 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: Wuyi Wang; Patrick D Worhunsky; Sheng Zhang; Thang M Le; Marc N Potenza; Chiang-Shan R Li Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2018-09-16 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Jane E Joseph; Brandon K Vaughan; Christopher C Camp; Nathaniel L Baker; Brian J Sherman; Megan Moran-Santa Maria; Aimee McRae-Clark; Kathleen T Brady Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2019-07-19 Impact factor: 4.157