F Salimi1,2, J Hamedi1,2, E Motevaseli3, F Mohammadipanah1,2. 1. Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 2. Microbial Technology and Products Research Center, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 3. Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
AIM: Vascular calcification (VC) is a significant pathological process in some life-threatening diseases. Several pathological mechanisms, including transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells to osteoblast-like cells and apoptosis are involved in VC. Compounds with an inhibitory effect on these processes are potentially efficient medications. In consideration of the multiple biological activities of Actinobacteria, this research was aimed at finding anti-VC metabolite-producing Actinobacteria. METHODS AND RESULTS: After the isolation and identification of Actinobacteria, the effect of their fermentation broth extracts on the apoptosis rate was measured using various methods, for example, ethidium bromide/acridine orange staining, DNA laddering and diphenylamine assays. The effect of the most effective fermentation broth extract of Actinobacteria (FBEA) on the mRNA expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteopontin (OPN) was examined. Finally, the most effective FBEA was fractionated and the chemical composition of anti-VC fractions was analysed using GC-MS. Various VC inhibition rates were observed in the tested FBEA (20 μg ml-1 ; 17·9-60·15%). The inhibition of DNA fragmentation was 7-48%. The FBE with the greatest anticalcification activity belonged to Kribbella sp. UTMC 267 and, according to 16S rRNA analysis, Kribbella sancticallisti with a similarity of 98·53% is its nearest neighbour. The FBE of Kribbella sp. UTMC 267 reduced Runx2 mRNA expression by 2·95-fold and OPN mRNA expression by 28·57-fold, both of which are considered significant (P < 0·05). Finally, GC-MS analysis showed the existence of potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation agents in FBE of Kribbella sp. UTMC 267. CONCLUSIONS: Actinobacterial metabolites can provide a new strategy for treating VC diseases by reducing the expression of osteogenic genes, the apoptosis rate and oxidative stress. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study highlights the therapeutic potential of Kribbella sp. metabolites and Actinobacteria as a new natural source for drug discovery programs in the nonantibiotic bioactivity field.
AIM: Vascular calcification (VC) is a significant pathological process in some life-threatening diseases. Several pathological mechanisms, including transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells to osteoblast-like cells and apoptosis are involved in VC. Compounds with an inhibitory effect on these processes are potentially efficient medications. In consideration of the multiple biological activities of Actinobacteria, this research was aimed at finding anti-VC metabolite-producing Actinobacteria. METHODS AND RESULTS: After the isolation and identification of Actinobacteria, the effect of their fermentation broth extracts on the apoptosis rate was measured using various methods, for example, ethidium bromide/acridine orange staining, DNA laddering and diphenylamine assays. The effect of the most effective fermentation broth extract of Actinobacteria (FBEA) on the mRNA expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteopontin (OPN) was examined. Finally, the most effective FBEA was fractionated and the chemical composition of anti-VC fractions was analysed using GC-MS. Various VC inhibition rates were observed in the tested FBEA (20 μg ml-1 ; 17·9-60·15%). The inhibition of DNA fragmentation was 7-48%. The FBE with the greatest anticalcification activity belonged to Kribbella sp. UTMC 267 and, according to 16S rRNA analysis, Kribbella sancticallisti with a similarity of 98·53% is its nearest neighbour. The FBE of Kribbella sp. UTMC 267 reduced Runx2 mRNA expression by 2·95-fold and OPN mRNA expression by 28·57-fold, both of which are considered significant (P < 0·05). Finally, GC-MS analysis showed the existence of potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation agents in FBE of Kribbella sp. UTMC 267. CONCLUSIONS: Actinobacterial metabolites can provide a new strategy for treating VC diseases by reducing the expression of osteogenic genes, the apoptosis rate and oxidative stress. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study highlights the therapeutic potential of Kribbella sp. metabolites and Actinobacteria as a new natural source for drug discovery programs in the nonantibiotic bioactivity field.
Authors: Jorge R Virués-Segovia; Fernando Reyes; Sandra Ruíz; Jesús Martín; Ignacio Fernández-Pastor; Carlos Justicia; Mercedes de la Cruz; Caridad Díaz; Thomas A Mackenzie; Olga Genilloud; Ignacio González; José R Tormo Journal: Molecules Date: 2022-09-26 Impact factor: 4.927