Roman Pabayo1,2,3, Daniel Fuller4, Eun Young Lee5, Masako Horino6, Ichiro Kawachi3. 1. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. 2. School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA. 3. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 4. School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada. 5. Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. 6. State of Nevada, Health & Human Services, Nevada Division of Public Health and Behavioral Health, Carson City, NV, USA.
Abstract
Background: Previous work has identified a relationship between income inequality and risk for obesity and heart attack. We investigated the relationship between state-level income inequality and physical activity among US adults. Methods: We used Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) cross-sectional data from a population based and representative sample of n = 428 828 US adults. Multilevel models were used to determine the association between state-level income inequality and participation in physical activity and strengthening exercises in the previous month. Results: In comparison to males, females were significantly more likely to report being physically inactive (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.11), and less likely to meet aerobic activity requirements (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.88, 0.93), meet strengthening activities (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.74), and meet overall physical activity recommendations (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.88, 0.94). Cross-level Gini × sex interactions indicated that income inequality was associated with increased odds for participating in no physical activity (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.12), decreased odds in participating in strengthening physical activity (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.89, 0.96), aerobic activity (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93, 0.99), and in meeting overall physical activity recommendations (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.91, 0.95) among women only. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to identify mechanisms in which income inequality leads to physical activity behavior among US women.
Background: Previous work has identified a relationship between income inequality and risk for obesity and heart attack. We investigated the relationship between state-level income inequality and physical activity among US adults. Methods: We used Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) cross-sectional data from a population based and representative sample of n = 428 828 US adults. Multilevel models were used to determine the association between state-level income inequality and participation in physical activity and strengthening exercises in the previous month. Results: In comparison to males, females were significantly more likely to report being physically inactive (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.11), and less likely to meet aerobic activity requirements (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.88, 0.93), meet strengthening activities (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.74), and meet overall physical activity recommendations (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.88, 0.94). Cross-level Gini × sex interactions indicated that income inequality was associated with increased odds for participating in no physical activity (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.12), decreased odds in participating in strengthening physical activity (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.89, 0.96), aerobic activity (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93, 0.99), and in meeting overall physical activity recommendations (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.91, 0.95) among women only. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to identify mechanisms in which income inequality leads to physical activity behavior among US women.
Authors: J D Finger; G Varnaccia; L Gabrys; J Hoebel; L E Kroll; S Krug; K Manz; S E Baumeister; G B M Mensink; C Lange; M F Leitzmann Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2019-11-08 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Chastin Sfm; J Van Cauwenberg; L Maenhout; G Cardon; E V Lambert; D Van Dyck Journal: Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Date: 2020-11-26 Impact factor: 6.457