Erica Menegatti1, Mirko Tessari1, Maria Elena Vannini1, Sergio Gianesini1, Anna Maria Malagoni1, Andrea Ciorba2, Manuela Mazzoli2, Francesco Sisini1, Fabrizio Salvi3, Stefano Pelucchi2, Paolo Zamboni1.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: High prevalence of valve absence was found in the internal jugular vein (IJV) of healthy volunteers by means of M-mode high-resolution Echo Colour Doppler (ECD). However, the prevalence of valve in neurovascular disorders linked to Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) is still unknown.
METHODS: A cohort of 83 Healthy Controls (HC), 71 Multiple Sclerosis (MS), 99 Inner Ear Disorders (IED) underwent ECD investigation of the IJV valve, including M-mode evaluation and related hemodynamics. The primary outcome measure was characterization of valve presence, morphology and motility, whereas the secondary outcome was the rate of flow alteration.
RESULTS: Bilateral valve presence was found in 38% of HC, 58% of MS and 25% of IED, whereas, bilateral valve absence was recorded in 16% of HC, 10% of MS and 31% of IED (p<0.003). Bicuspid morphology was more prevalent in HC 56%, while monocusp was more prevalent in patients: 75% MS and 57% IED (p<0.0001). The main finding was the presence of mobile valve leaflets in 98% of HC, contrarily fixed valve leaflets were recorded in 82% of MS and in 41% of IED, p< 0.0001. Finally, by stratifying the entire cohort according to the presence of mobile and not mobile valve leaflets, normal monodirectional and phasic flow were commonly found in the mobile leaflets subgroup, p<0.0001.
CONCLUSION: In patients with miscellaneous neurological disorders, a significant higher rate of defective valves was found with respect to HC. The latter condition is strongly associated to brain outflow abnormalities described in CCSVI condition. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.
BACKGROUND: High prevalence of valve absence was found in the internal jugular vein (IJV) of healthy volunteers by means of M-mode high-resolution Echo Colour Doppler (ECD). However, the prevalence of valve in neurovascular disorders linked to Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) is still unknown.
METHODS: A cohort of 83 Healthy Controls (HC), 71 Multiple Sclerosis (MS), 99 Inner Ear Disorders (IED) underwent ECD investigation of the IJV valve, including M-mode evaluation and related hemodynamics. The primary outcome measure was characterization of valve presence, morphology and motility, whereas the secondary outcome was the rate of flow alteration.
RESULTS: Bilateral valve presence was found in 38% of HC, 58% of MS and 25% of IED, whereas, bilateral valve absence was recorded in 16% of HC, 10% of MS and 31% of IED (p<0.003). Bicuspid morphology was more prevalent in HC 56%, while monocusp was more prevalent in patients: 75% MS and 57% IED (p<0.0001). The main finding was the presence of mobile valve leaflets in 98% of HC, contrarily fixed valve leaflets were recorded in 82% of MS and in 41% of IED, p< 0.0001. Finally, by stratifying the entire cohort according to the presence of mobile and not mobile valve leaflets, normal monodirectional and phasic flow were commonly found in the mobile leaflets subgroup, p<0.0001.
CONCLUSION: In patients with miscellaneous neurological disorders, a significant higher rate of defective valves was found with respect to HC. The latter condition is strongly associated to brain outflow abnormalities described in CCSVI condition. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cerebral venous drainage; chronic cerebrospinal venouszzm321990insufficiency; duplex ultrasound; echo colour doppler; internal jugular vein valves; m-mode
Mesh：
Year: 2017
PMID： 28982329 DOI： 10.2174/1567202614666171005122150
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Curr Neurovasc Res ISSN： 1567-2026 Impact factor: 1.990