Kimberly N Doughty1, Nelson X Del Pilar2, Amanda Audette3, David L Katz4. 1. Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center, 130 Division Street, Derby, CT, 06418, USA. 2. San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, PR, USA. 3. Department of Public Health, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, USA. 4. Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center, 130 Division Street, Derby, CT, 06418, USA. davkatz7@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Evidence has clearly demonstrated the importance of lifestyle factors (e.g., diet, physical activity, smoking) in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Interventions targeting these behaviors may improve outcomes for CVD patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of lifestyle interventions in individuals with established CVD. RECENT FINDINGS: Most recent trials focused on diet, physical activity, stress reduction, or a combination of these. Findings were mixed, but most interventions improved at least some markers of cardiovascular risk. Few studies measured long-term clinical outcomes, but some suggested a possible benefit of stress reduction and multifaceted interventions on cardiovascular events. The benefits of lifestyle change for CVD patients have been established by decades of evidence. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal intensity, duration, and mode of delivery for interventions. Additional studies with long-term follow-up and measurement of clinical outcomes are also needed.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Evidence has clearly demonstrated the importance of lifestyle factors (e.g., diet, physical activity, smoking) in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Interventions targeting these behaviors may improve outcomes for CVD patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of lifestyle interventions in individuals with established CVD. RECENT FINDINGS: Most recent trials focused on diet, physical activity, stress reduction, or a combination of these. Findings were mixed, but most interventions improved at least some markers of cardiovascular risk. Few studies measured long-term clinical outcomes, but some suggested a possible benefit of stress reduction and multifaceted interventions on cardiovascular events. The benefits of lifestyle change for CVD patients have been established by decades of evidence. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal intensity, duration, and mode of delivery for interventions. Additional studies with long-term follow-up and measurement of clinical outcomes are also needed.
Authors: Paul D Thompson; David Buchner; Ileana L Pina; Gary J Balady; Mark A Williams; Bess H Marcus; Kathy Berra; Steven N Blair; Fernando Costa; Barry Franklin; Gerald F Fletcher; Neil F Gordon; Russell R Pate; Beatriz L Rodriguez; Antronette K Yancey; Nanette K Wenger Journal: Circulation Date: 2003-06-24 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Ramón Estruch; Emilio Ros; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Maria-Isabel Covas; Dolores Corella; Fernando Arós; Enrique Gómez-Gracia; Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez; Miquel Fiol; José Lapetra; Rosa Maria Lamuela-Raventos; Lluís Serra-Majem; Xavier Pintó; Josep Basora; Miguel Angel Muñoz; José V Sorlí; José Alfredo Martínez; Miguel Angel Martínez-González Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2013-02-25 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Robert H Schneider; Clarence E Grim; Maxwell V Rainforth; Theodore Kotchen; Sanford I Nidich; Carolyn Gaylord-King; John W Salerno; Jane Morley Kotchen; Charles N Alexander Journal: Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes Date: 2012-11-13
Authors: Lindsey Anderson; Neil Oldridge; David R Thompson; Ann-Dorthe Zwisler; Karen Rees; Nicole Martin; Rod S Taylor Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2016-01-05 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Tobias N Bonten; Sanne Marije Verkleij; Rianne Mjj van der Kleij; Karin Busch; Wilbert B van den Hout; Niels H Chavannes; Mattijs E Numans Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-07-09 Impact factor: 2.692