Jessica Cristina Gimenes1, Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti1, Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel1, Cristiana Cortes-Oliveira1, Wilson Salgado Júnior2, Carla Barbosa Nonino3,4. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. 2. Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto-FMRP, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. 3. Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto-FMRP, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. carla@fmrp.usp.br. 4. Ribeirão Preto Medical School-FMRP/USP, Laboratory of Nutrigenomic Studies, Av Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14049-900, Brazil. carla@fmrp.usp.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Number of pregnancies has been increasing in women of childbearing age after the gastric bypass. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of children of women submitted to gastric bypass. METHODS: We evaluated anthropometric, breastfeeding and biochemical profile, body composition, and dietary intake indicators of children of both sexes who were born alive after the surgery. For statistical analysis, were performed Shapiro-Wilk and ANOVA test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 13 children (61.6% female, mean age of 46 ± 22.3 months, BMI of 18.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2). The classification of BMI index by age showed that 46.1% of the children were normal weight and 30.8% obese. We observed a large percentage of children with deficiency of iron and vitamin A. 7.6 and 30.7% of children presented carbohydrate and lipid, respectively, lower than the recommendation. Fiber intake was inadequate in all children, calcium in 61.5%, vitamin A in 30.7%, and folate in 76.9% of them. Also, 84.6% presented sodium intake higher than the recommendations. The blood glucose levels were lower in children with maternal breastfeeding (65.5 ± 2.1 mg/dL, p < 0.05); furthermore, children breastfed with artificial and breast milk presented lower fat mass (3.8 ± 1.9 kg; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Children from women with previously gastric bypass presented low birth weight; however, they are currently underweight or overweight and present important deficiency of iron and vitamin A and inadequate alimentary intake mainly of sodium and fibers. Breastfeeding may play a protective role in the development of obesity in these children.
BACKGROUND: Number of pregnancies has been increasing in women of childbearing age after the gastric bypass. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of children of women submitted to gastric bypass. METHODS: We evaluated anthropometric, breastfeeding and biochemical profile, body composition, and dietary intake indicators of children of both sexes who were born alive after the surgery. For statistical analysis, were performed Shapiro-Wilk and ANOVA test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 13 children (61.6% female, mean age of 46 ± 22.3 months, BMI of 18.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2). The classification of BMI index by age showed that 46.1% of the children were normal weight and 30.8% obese. We observed a large percentage of children with deficiency of iron and vitamin A. 7.6 and 30.7% of children presented carbohydrate and lipid, respectively, lower than the recommendation. Fiber intake was inadequate in all children, calcium in 61.5%, vitamin A in 30.7%, and folate in 76.9% of them. Also, 84.6% presented sodium intake higher than the recommendations. The blood glucose levels were lower in children with maternal breastfeeding (65.5 ± 2.1 mg/dL, p < 0.05); furthermore, children breastfed with artificial and breast milk presented lower fat mass (3.8 ± 1.9 kg; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Children from women with previously gastric bypass presented low birth weight; however, they are currently underweight or overweight and present important deficiency of iron and vitamin A and inadequate alimentary intake mainly of sodium and fibers. Breastfeeding may play a protective role in the development of obesity in these children.
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