D Rivera1, A Morlett-Paredes2, A I Peñalver Guia3, M J Irías Escher4, M Soto-Añari5, A Aguayo Arelis6, S Rute-Pérez7, A Rodríguez-Lorenzana8, Y Rodríguez-Agudelo9, N Albaladejo-Blázquez10, C García de la Cadena11, J A Ibáñez-Alfonso12, W Rodriguez-Irizarry13, C E García-Guerrero14, I D Delgado-Mejía15, A Padilla-López16, E Vergara-Moragues17, M D Barrios Nevado18, M Saracostti Schwartzman19, J C Arango-Lasprilla1,20. 1. BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain. 2. Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA. 3. National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery INN, Havana, Cuba. 4. Escuela de Ciencias Psicológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. 5. Universidad Católica San Pablo, Arequipa, Peru. 6. Departamento de investigación, Psicología, Universidad Enrique Díaz de León, Guadalajara, Mexico. 7. CIMCYC-The Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. 8. Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador. 9. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, Ciudad de México, Mexico. 10. Department of Health Psychology, University of Alicante, Spain. 11. Departamento de Psicología, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. 12. Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain. 13. Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico, Recinto de San Germán, Puerto Rico. 14. Mindpedia Centro de Psicología Avanzada, Monterrey, México. 15. Universidad Autónoma de Asunción (UAA), Asunción, Paraguay. 16. Laboratorio de Psicofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico. 17. Universidad Internacional de la Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, Spain. 18. Research Center CERNEP, Almeria University, Almería, Spain. 19. Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile. 20. IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data for the Stroop Word-Color Interference test in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations. METHOD: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the Stroop Word-Color Interference test as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. The Stroop Word, Stroop Color, Stroop Word-Color, and Stroop Interference scores were normed using multiple linear regressions and standard deviations of residual values. Age, age2, sex, and mean level of parental education (MLPE) were included as predictors in the analyses. RESULTS: The final multiple linear regression models showed main effects for age on all scores, except on Stroop Interference for Guatemala, such that scores increased linearly as a function of age. Age2 affected Stroop Word scores for all countries, Stroop Color scores for Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Spain; Stroop Word-Color scores for Ecuador, Mexico, and Paraguay; and Stroop Interference scores for Cuba, Guatemala, and Spain. MLPE affected Stroop Word scores for Chile, Mexico, and Puerto Rico; Stroop Color scores for Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Spain; Stroop Word-Color scores for Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Spain; and Stroop-Interference scores for Ecuador, Mexico, and Spain. Sex affected Stroop Word scores for Spain, Stroop Color scores for Mexico, and Stroop Interference for Honduras. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest Spanish-speaking pediatric normative study in the world, and it will allow neuropsychologists from these countries to have a more accurate approach to interpret the Stroop Word-Color Interference test in pediatric populations.
OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data for the Stroop Word-Color Interference test in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations. METHOD: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the Stroop Word-Color Interference test as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. The Stroop Word, Stroop Color, Stroop Word-Color, and Stroop Interference scores were normed using multiple linear regressions and standard deviations of residual values. Age, age2, sex, and mean level of parental education (MLPE) were included as predictors in the analyses. RESULTS: The final multiple linear regression models showed main effects for age on all scores, except on Stroop Interference for Guatemala, such that scores increased linearly as a function of age. Age2 affected Stroop Word scores for all countries, Stroop Color scores for Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Spain; Stroop Word-Color scores for Ecuador, Mexico, and Paraguay; and Stroop Interference scores for Cuba, Guatemala, and Spain. MLPE affected Stroop Word scores for Chile, Mexico, and Puerto Rico; Stroop Color scores for Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Spain; Stroop Word-Color scores for Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Spain; and Stroop-Interference scores for Ecuador, Mexico, and Spain. Sex affected Stroop Word scores for Spain, Stroop Color scores for Mexico, and Stroop Interference for Honduras. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest Spanish-speaking pediatric normative study in the world, and it will allow neuropsychologists from these countries to have a more accurate approach to interpret the Stroop Word-Color Interference test in pediatric populations.
Entities:
Keywords:
Spanish-speaking populations; Stroop Word-Color Interference test; neuropsychology; pediatric population
Authors: Javier De Las Heras; Ibai Diez; Antonio Jimenez-Marin; Alberto Cabrera; Daniela Ramos-Usuga; Marta Venecia Diaz-Fernandez; Leire Torices; Caroline E Nunes-Xavier; Rafael Pulido; Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla; Jesus M Cortes Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2020-04-02 Impact factor: 4.241
Authors: Joaquín A Ibáñez-Alfonso; Rosalba Company-Córdoba; Claudia García de la Cadena; Antonio Sianes; Ian Craig Simpson Journal: Children (Basel) Date: 2021-01-29