R Shivapujimath1, A P Rao2, A R Nilima2, D M Shilpa2. 1. Manipal University, Department of Public Health, Manipal, India. Electronic address: dr.rajesh.s88@gmail.com. 2. Manipal University, Department of Public Health, Manipal, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: For decades, tuberculosis and other communicable diseases like human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, leprosy, etc., have been associated with stigma and discrimination by the society; this can interfere with the lifestyle and disease management among these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the stigma experienced by tuberculosis patients and to find the factors associated with stigma. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 209 sputum-positive and sputum-negative tuberculosis patients. Convenient sampling was used to identify the patients. A predesigned, pretested proforma from Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue developed by World Health Organization was used for data collection. RESULTS: The study revealed that out of 209 respondents, 51.2% of the respondents experienced some form of stigma. Majority of the patients have received only primary education and 71.3% of the respondents were males. Most of the patients were under category 1 of Directly Observed Treatment Short course. Age, education, and smear status of the patient were found to be associated with stigmatization (P<0.05), whereas factors like gender, income, occupation, family history, and marital status were found to be not significantly associated with stigmatization. CONCLUSION: Effective counseling measures are recommended for tuberculosis patients with advancing age and education which can help reduce stigmatization and thereby improve quality of life.
BACKGROUND: For decades, tuberculosis and other communicable diseases like human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, leprosy, etc., have been associated with stigma and discrimination by the society; this can interfere with the lifestyle and disease management among these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the stigma experienced by tuberculosispatients and to find the factors associated with stigma. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 209 sputum-positive and sputum-negative tuberculosispatients. Convenient sampling was used to identify the patients. A predesigned, pretested proforma from Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue developed by World Health Organization was used for data collection. RESULTS: The study revealed that out of 209 respondents, 51.2% of the respondents experienced some form of stigma. Majority of the patients have received only primary education and 71.3% of the respondents were males. Most of the patients were under category 1 of Directly Observed Treatment Short course. Age, education, and smear status of the patient were found to be associated with stigmatization (P<0.05), whereas factors like gender, income, occupation, family history, and marital status were found to be not significantly associated with stigmatization. CONCLUSION: Effective counseling measures are recommended for tuberculosispatients with advancing age and education which can help reduce stigmatization and thereby improve quality of life.