Kareem Moussa1, Thuy Doan1, Jay M Stewart1, Jessica Shantha1, John Gonzales1, Nisha Acharya1, Emmett T Cunningham1,2,3,4. 1. Francis I. Proctor Foundation, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California. 3. Department of Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California. 4. West Coast Retina Medical Group, San Francisco, California.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To present a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis associated with occlusive vasculopathy presenting as sudden unilateral loss of vision in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative elderly man. METHODS: Clinical case report and literature review. RESULTS: An 84-year-old Chinese man with diabetes mellitus and primary open-angle glaucoma was seen in consultation by our uveitis service for evaluation of sudden vision loss in the right eye. Examination revealed an occlusive retinal vasculopathy. An extensive diagnostic workup was performed, including fluorescein angiography, serologic testing for infectious etiologies including syphilis and tuberculosis and a temporal artery biopsy. The patient was treated with high-dose oral prednisone, after which the biopsy returned negative for giant-cell arteritis. Three weeks after initial presentation, the patient was noted to have a new area of retinitis in the temporal periphery. An anterior chamber paracentesis was performed, and the fluid was sent for directed polymerase chain reaction testing, which returned positive for CMV. Human immunodeficiency virus testing was negative. He was treated with oral valganciclovir and intravitreal foscarnet injections and the infection subsequently resolved. CONCLUSION: Cytomegalovirus infection can be associated with occlusive vasculopathy in human immunodeficiency virus-negative individuals. The diagnosis of CMV retinitis should be considered in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-negative who have other conditions that may compromise immune function, particularly advanced age, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, or use of immunosuppressive agents.
PURPOSE: To present a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitisassociated with occlusive vasculopathy presenting as sudden unilateral loss of vision in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative elderly man. METHODS: Clinical case report and literature review. RESULTS: An 84-year-old Chinese man with diabetes mellitus and primary open-angle glaucoma was seen in consultation by our uveitis service for evaluation of sudden vision loss in the right eye. Examination revealed an occlusive retinal vasculopathy. An extensive diagnostic workup was performed, including fluorescein angiography, serologic testing for infectious etiologies including syphilis and tuberculosis and a temporal artery biopsy. The patient was treated with high-dose oral prednisone, after which the biopsy returned negative for giant-cell arteritis. Three weeks after initial presentation, the patient was noted to have a new area of retinitis in the temporal periphery. An anterior chamber paracentesis was performed, and the fluid was sent for directed polymerase chain reaction testing, which returned positive for CMV. Human immunodeficiency virus testing was negative. He was treated with oral valganciclovir and intravitreal foscarnet injections and the infection subsequently resolved. CONCLUSION:Cytomegalovirus infection can be associated with occlusive vasculopathy in human immunodeficiency virus-negative individuals. The diagnosis of CMV retinitis should be considered in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-negative who have other conditions that may compromise immune function, particularly advanced age, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, or use of immunosuppressive agents.
Authors: Jennifer E Thorne; Janet T Holbrook; Douglas A Jabs; John H Kempen; Charles Nichols; Curtis L Meinert Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2006-11-22 Impact factor: 12.079
Authors: Eric W Schneider; Susan G Elner; Frederik J van Kuijk; Naomi Goldberg; Ronni M Lieberman; Dean Eliott; Mark W Johnson Journal: Retina Date: 2013-10 Impact factor: 4.256
Authors: Michael O Baclig; Ma Luisa G Daroy; Jessica Marie R Abano Journal: Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health Date: 2008-11 Impact factor: 0.267