Sema Mandal1, Helen Campbell2, Sonia Ribeiro2, Steve Gray3, Tony Carr3, Joanne White2, Shamez N Ladhani2, Mary E Ramsay2. 1. Immunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. Electronic address: sema.mandal@phe.gov.uk. 2. Immunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. 3. Meningococcal Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Manchester Public Health Laboratory, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
Abstract
PURPOSE: In August 2015, in response to increasing group W invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) nationally, a MenACWY vaccine programme was introduced in the UK for 13-18year olds. We reviewed the epidemiology of IMD in young adults and university-associated cases in England during 2014-15 academic year and assessed the potential impact of different immunisation strategies. METHODS: Public Health England national enhanced surveillance data were used to describe the epidemiology of IMD cases in 15-24year olds in England during 2014/15. Relative risks for IMD were calculated overall and by capsular group in students compared with non- student peers for 2014 and 2013 school leavers. Assuming stable future incidence and vaccine efficacy of 90% for five years, we estimated cases averted and numbers needed to vaccinate (NNV) for different MenACWY immunisation programmes: school-based adolescent, GP-based school leaver, and targeting freshers. RESULTS: Between July 2014 and June 2015, 112 IMD cases were diagnosed in those born between 01/09/1991 and 31/08/2001 (∼15 to 24year-olds). During the 2014/15 academic year (September to June), 49 IMD cases were reported among students attending English universities, including 22 among 2014 school leavers. In this cohort, the relative risk of IMD was higher among students compared to non-students for all capsular groups (RR 11.6; 95% CI 4.7-28.7) and for groups A/C/W/Y (RR 14.8; 95% CI, 4.3-51.5). A school-based programme could potentially have averted 14 cases in 2014/15 and 24 cases over five years with a lower NNV (18,000) than other programmes. CONCLUSIONS: University students, particularly first years entering direct from school, are at higher risk for IMD than non-students. With high vaccine coverage and timely completion, an adolescent school-based MenACWY programme has the greatest potential to prevent cases with the lowest NNV, but population impact through indirect (herd) protection could take longer. Crown
PURPOSE: In August 2015, in response to increasing group W invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) nationally, a MenACWY vaccine programme was introduced in the UK for 13-18year olds. We reviewed the epidemiology of IMD in young adults and university-associated cases in England during 2014-15 academic year and assessed the potential impact of different immunisation strategies. METHODS: Public Health England national enhanced surveillance data were used to describe the epidemiology of IMD cases in 15-24year olds in England during 2014/15. Relative risks for IMD were calculated overall and by capsular group in students compared with non- student peers for 2014 and 2013 school leavers. Assuming stable future incidence and vaccine efficacy of 90% for five years, we estimated cases averted and numbers needed to vaccinate (NNV) for different MenACWY immunisation programmes: school-based adolescent, GP-based school leaver, and targeting freshers. RESULTS: Between July 2014 and June 2015, 112 IMD cases were diagnosed in those born between 01/09/1991 and 31/08/2001 (∼15 to 24year-olds). During the 2014/15 academic year (September to June), 49 IMD cases were reported among students attending English universities, including 22 among 2014 school leavers. In this cohort, the relative risk of IMD was higher among students compared to non-students for all capsular groups (RR 11.6; 95% CI 4.7-28.7) and for groups A/C/W/Y (RR 14.8; 95% CI, 4.3-51.5). A school-based programme could potentially have averted 14 cases in 2014/15 and 24 cases over five years with a lower NNV (18,000) than other programmes. CONCLUSIONS: University students, particularly first years entering direct from school, are at higher risk for IMD than non-students. With high vaccine coverage and timely completion, an adolescent school-based MenACWY programme has the greatest potential to prevent cases with the lowest NNV, but population impact through indirect (herd) protection could take longer. Crown
Authors: Stephen A Clark; Jay Lucidarme; Georgina Angel; Aiswarya Lekshmi; Begonia Morales-Aza; Laura Willerton; Helen Campbell; Steve J Gray; Shamez N Ladhani; Mike Wade; Mary Ramsay; Julie Yates; Adam Finn; Ray Borrow Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2019-07-10 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Adam Webb; Mayuri Gogoi; Sarah Weidman; Katherine Woolf; Maria Zavala; Shamez N Ladhani; Manish Pareek; Lieve Gies; Christopher D Bayliss Journal: Vaccines (Basel) Date: 2022-08-10