Catherine M Phillips1, Nitin Shivappa2, James R Hébert2, Ivan J Perry3. 1. HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, Dept. of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd., Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: catherine.phillips@ucd.ie. 2. Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA. 3. HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, Dept. of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd., Cork, Ireland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The relationship between diet, inflammation and mental health is of increasing interest. However, limited data regarding the role of dietary inflammatory potential in this context exist. Therefore the aim of this work was to examine associations between the inflammatory potential of habitual diet and mental health outcomes in a cross-sectional sample of 2047 adults (50.8% female). METHODS: Diet was assessed using a self-completed food frequency questionnaire from which dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores were determined. Depressive symptoms, anxiety and well-being were assessed using the CES-D, HADS-A and WHO-5 screening tools. RESULTS: Logistic regression analyses revealed that higher energy-adjusted DII (E-DII®) scores, reflecting a more pro-inflammatory diet, were associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms (odds ratios (OR) 1.70, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.23-2.35, p = 0.001) and anxiety (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.15-2.24, p = 0.006) and lower likelihood of well-being (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46-0.83, p = 0.001), comparing highest to lowest tertile of E-DII. In gender-stratified analyses associations were noted in women only. Women with the highest E-DII scores were at elevated risk of depressive symptoms (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.49-3.51, p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.30-3.06, p = 0.002), while likelihood of reporting good well-being was lower (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.79, p = 0.002), relative to those with the lowest E-DII scores. CONCLUSIONS: These findings, which suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with adverse mental health, may be of clinical and public health significance regarding the development of novel nutritional psychiatry approaches to promote good mental health.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The relationship between diet, inflammation and mental health is of increasing interest. However, limited data regarding the role of dietary inflammatory potential in this context exist. Therefore the aim of this work was to examine associations between the inflammatory potential of habitual diet and mental health outcomes in a cross-sectional sample of 2047 adults (50.8% female). METHODS: Diet was assessed using a self-completed food frequency questionnaire from which dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores were determined. Depressive symptoms, anxiety and well-being were assessed using the CES-D, HADS-A and WHO-5 screening tools. RESULTS: Logistic regression analyses revealed that higher energy-adjusted DII (E-DII®) scores, reflecting a more pro-inflammatory diet, were associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms (odds ratios (OR) 1.70, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.23-2.35, p = 0.001) and anxiety (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.15-2.24, p = 0.006) and lower likelihood of well-being (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46-0.83, p = 0.001), comparing highest to lowest tertile of E-DII. In gender-stratified analyses associations were noted in women only. Women with the highest E-DII scores were at elevated risk of depressive symptoms (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.49-3.51, p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.30-3.06, p = 0.002), while likelihood of reporting good well-being was lower (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.79, p = 0.002), relative to those with the lowest E-DII scores. CONCLUSIONS: These findings, which suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with adverse mental health, may be of clinical and public health significance regarding the development of novel nutritional psychiatry approaches to promote good mental health.
Authors: Kaiping Burrows; Jennifer L Stewart; Chase Antonacci; Rayus Kuplicki; Katie Thompson; Ashlee Taylor; T Kent Teague; Martin P Paulus Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2019-12-02 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Wen Chen; Mo'ez Al-Islam E Faris; Nicola Luigi Bragazzi; Haifa M S AlGahtani; Zahra Saif; Ahmed Jahrami; Nitin Shivappa; James R Hebert; Haitham Jahrami Journal: J Inflamm Res Date: 2021-04-15