Mario F Mendez1. 1. Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Neurobehavior Unit, V.A. Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address: mmendez@ucla.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few publications deal with non-neurogenic language disorders (NNLDs), distinct from psychogenic speech disorders such as psychogenic dysphonia or stuttering. NNLDs are alterations in language owing to psychosomatic preoccupations, conversion disorder, psychiatric disorders, or other psychological reasons. OBJECTIVE: To identify and classify the range of NNLDs and their characteristics. METHODS: This review summarizes the literature on disturbances in language, broadly defined as the use of symbols for communication, which may have a psychogenic or psychiatric etiology. RESULTS: The literature suggests a classification for NNLDs that includes psychogenic aphasia with dysgrammatism; psychogenic "lalias" including oxylalia and agitolalia, palilalia and echolalia, xenolalia, glossolalia, and coprolalia; psychologically-mediated word usage; psychotic language; and psychogenic forms of the foreign accent syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians and researchers have insufficiently emphasized the presence of NNLDs, their characteristics, and their identification. Yet, these disorders may be the first or predominant manifestation of a psychologically-mediated illness. There are 2 steps to recognition. The first is to know how to distinguish NNLDs from the manifestations of neurogenic language impairments after a neurological evaluation. The second step is awareness of specific associated and examination features that suggest the presence of a NNLD.
BACKGROUND: Few publications deal with non-neurogenic language disorders (NNLDs), distinct from psychogenic speech disorders such as psychogenic dysphonia or stuttering. NNLDs are alterations in language owing to psychosomatic preoccupations, conversion disorder, psychiatric disorders, or other psychological reasons. OBJECTIVE: To identify and classify the range of NNLDs and their characteristics. METHODS: This review summarizes the literature on disturbances in language, broadly defined as the use of symbols for communication, which may have a psychogenic or psychiatric etiology. RESULTS: The literature suggests a classification for NNLDs that includes psychogenic aphasia with dysgrammatism; psychogenic "lalias" including oxylalia and agitolalia, palilalia and echolalia, xenolalia, glossolalia, and coprolalia; psychologically-mediated word usage; psychotic language; and psychogenic forms of the foreign accent syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians and researchers have insufficiently emphasized the presence of NNLDs, their characteristics, and their identification. Yet, these disorders may be the first or predominant manifestation of a psychologically-mediated illness. There are 2 steps to recognition. The first is to know how to distinguish NNLDs from the manifestations of neurogenic language impairments after a neurological evaluation. The second step is awareness of specific associated and examination features that suggest the presence of a NNLD.
Authors: Jo Verhoeven; Guy De Pauw; Michèle Pettinato; Allen Hirson; John Van Borsel; Peter Mariën Journal: J Commun Disord Date: 2013-02-16 Impact factor: 2.288
Authors: Marcelo L Berthier; Núria Roé-Vellvé; Ignacio Moreno-Torres; Carles Falcon; Karl Thurnhofer-Hemsi; José Paredes-Pacheco; María J Torres-Prioris; Irene De-Torres; Francisco Alfaro; Antonio L Gutiérrez-Cardo; Miquel Baquero; Rafael Ruiz-Cruces; Guadalupe Dávila Journal: Front Hum Neurosci Date: 2016-08-09 Impact factor: 3.169