Esther Vermeulen1, Ingeborg A Brouwer2, Karien Stronks3, Stefania Bandinelli4, Luigi Ferrucci5, Marjolein Visser6, Mary Nicolaou3. 1. Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: e.vermeulen@amc.uva.nl. 2. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4. InCHIANTI Study Group, Azienda Sanitaria Toscana Centro, Viale Michelangelo 41, Florence, Italy. 5. Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, 21224 Baltimore, USA. 6. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Older adults are more susceptible to higher inflammatory levels and depression. Moreover, diet may influence inflammation as well as depression but no previous study examined whether inflammatory dietary patterns are related to depression in an older population. To investigate the longitudinal association between inflammatory dietary patterns (using reduced rank regression (RRR)) and depressive symptoms in a population sample of Italian older adults. METHODS: We included 827 participants (aged≥65years) at baseline in 1998. Follow-up measurements were collected after 3, 6 and 9years. We used RRR to identify inflammatory dietary patterns at baseline. The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale was used to assess depressive symptoms by using continuous scores and depression by using a cut-off point (CES-D≥20). RESULTS: We identified two inflammatory dietary patterns using different sets of response variables. Dietary pattern I was related to inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor α and was characterized by high intakes of refined grains, sweet snacks, pasta and rice. After full adjustment for confounders, no longitudinal association was found when comparing extreme quartiles of this dietary pattern and depressive symptoms (Q1vs Q4, model 4: B=0.04, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.13) or depression (Q1vs Q4, model 4: OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.55, 1.45). Dietary pattern II was related to inflammatory markers CRP, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist and was characterized by high intakes of pasta, sugar-sweetened beverages, processed meat and chocolate and sweets. When comparing extreme quartiles, this dietary pattern was not longitudinally associated with depressive symptoms (Q1vs Q4, model 4: B=-0.04, 95% CI: -0.13, 0.05) but an inverse association was found for depression (Q1vs Q4, model 4: OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.40, 0.94). CONCLUSION: Our study does not support the hypothesis that dietary patterns linked to inflammatory markers are associated with higher depressive symptoms and higher depression incidence. However, dietary intake in our population of older adults was quite homogeneous which makes it difficult to show clear associations.
BACKGROUND: Older adults are more susceptible to higher inflammatory levels and depression. Moreover, diet may influence inflammation as well as depression but no previous study examined whether inflammatory dietary patterns are related to depression in an older population. To investigate the longitudinal association between inflammatory dietary patterns (using reduced rank regression (RRR)) and depressive symptoms in a population sample of Italian older adults. METHODS: We included 827 participants (aged≥65years) at baseline in 1998. Follow-up measurements were collected after 3, 6 and 9years. We used RRR to identify inflammatory dietary patterns at baseline. The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale was used to assess depressive symptoms by using continuous scores and depression by using a cut-off point (CES-D≥20). RESULTS: We identified two inflammatory dietary patterns using different sets of response variables. Dietary pattern I was related to inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, tumornecrosis factor α and was characterized by high intakes of refined grains, sweet snacks, pasta and rice. After full adjustment for confounders, no longitudinal association was found when comparing extreme quartiles of this dietary pattern and depressive symptoms (Q1vs Q4, model 4: B=0.04, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.13) or depression (Q1vs Q4, model 4: OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.55, 1.45). Dietary pattern II was related to inflammatory markers CRP, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist and was characterized by high intakes of pasta, sugar-sweetened beverages, processed meat and chocolate and sweets. When comparing extreme quartiles, this dietary pattern was not longitudinally associated with depressive symptoms (Q1vs Q4, model 4: B=-0.04, 95% CI: -0.13, 0.05) but an inverse association was found for depression (Q1vs Q4, model 4: OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.40, 0.94). CONCLUSION: Our study does not support the hypothesis that dietary patterns linked to inflammatory markers are associated with higher depressive symptoms and higher depression incidence. However, dietary intake in our population of older adults was quite homogeneous which makes it difficult to show clear associations.
Authors: C Heidemann; K Hoffmann; J Spranger; K Klipstein-Grobusch; M Möhlig; A F H Pfeiffer; H Boeing Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2005-05-12 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Stefano Volpato; Marco Pahor; Luigi Ferrucci; Eleanor M Simonsick; Jack M Guralnik; Stephen B Kritchevsky; Renato Fellin; Tamara B Harris Journal: Circulation Date: 2004-02-10 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Yuri Milaneschi; Anna Maria Corsi; Brenda W Penninx; Stefania Bandinelli; Jack M Guralnik; Luigi Ferrucci Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2008-12-25 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Laura K Frank; Franziska Jannasch; Janine Kröger; George Bedu-Addo; Frank P Mockenhaupt; Matthias B Schulze; Ina Danquah Journal: Nutrients Date: 2015-07-07 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Kaiping Burrows; Jennifer L Stewart; Chase Antonacci; Rayus Kuplicki; Katie Thompson; Ashlee Taylor; T Kent Teague; Martin P Paulus Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2019-12-02 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Joseph Firth; Nicola Veronese; Jack Cotter; Nitin Shivappa; James R Hebert; Carolyn Ee; Lee Smith; Brendon Stubbs; Sarah E Jackson; Jerome Sarris Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2019-05-15 Impact factor: 4.157
Authors: Alessandro Gialluisi; Federica Santonastaso; Marialaura Bonaccio; Francesca Bracone; Nitin Shivappa; James R Hebert; Chiara Cerletti; Maria Benedetta Donati; Giovanni de Gaetano; Licia Iacoviello Journal: J Inflamm Res Date: 2021-09-28