| Literature DB >> 28901046 |
Vesna Gagic1,2, David Kleijn3,4, András Báldi5, Gergely Boros5, Helene Bracht Jørgensen6, Zoltán Elek5,7, Michael P D Garratt8, G Arjen de Groot4, Katarina Hedlund6, Anikó Kovács-Hostyánszki5, Lorenzo Marini9, Emily Martin10, Ines Pevere9, Simon G Potts8, Sarah Redlich10, Deepa Senapathi8, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter10, Stanislaw Świtek11, Henrik G Smith6,12, Viktória Takács11, Piotr Tryjanowski11, Wim H van der Putten13,14, Stijn van Gils13, Riccardo Bommarco1.
Abstract
Simultaneously enhancing ecosystem services provided by biodiversity below and above ground is recommended to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides and mineral fertilisers in agriculture. However, consequences for crop yield have been poorly evaluated. Above ground, increased landscape complexity is assumed to enhance biological pest control, whereas below ground, soil organic carbon is a proxy for several yield-supporting services. In a field experiment replicated in 114 fields across Europe, we found that fertilisation had the strongest positive effect on yield, but hindered simultaneous harnessing of below- and above-ground ecosystem services. We furthermore show that enhancing natural enemies and pest control through increasing landscape complexity can prove disappointing in fields with low soil services or in intensively cropped regions. Thus, understanding ecological interdependences between land use, ecosystem services and yield is necessary to promote more environmentally friendly farming by identifying situations where ecosystem services are maximised and agrochemical inputs can be reduced.Entities:
Keywords: Agricultural intensification; biological pest control; ecological intensification; fertilisers; insecticides; landscape complexity; soil organic carbon; yield loss
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Year: 2017 PMID： 28901046 DOI： 10.1111/ele.12850
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Ecol Lett ISSN： 1461-023X Impact factor: 9.492