Hiroyuki Akai1, Koichiro Yasaka1, Masanori Nojima2, Akira Kunimatsu1, Yusuke Inoue3, Osamu Abe4, Kuni Ohtomo5, Shigeru Kiryu6. 1. Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. 2. Division of Advanced Medicine Promotion, The Advanced Clinical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. 3. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan. 4. Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. 5. International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan. 6. Department of Radiology, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, 537-3, Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan. kiryu-tky@umin.ac.jp.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To directly investigate the rapid respiratory effect of gadoxetate disodium in an experimental study using mice. METHODS: After confirming the steady respiratory state under general anaesthesia, eight mice were injected with all test agents in the following order: phosphate-buffered saline (A, control group), 1.25 mmol/kg of gadoteridol (B) or gadopentetate dimeglumine (C), or 0.31 mmol/kg of gadoxetate disodium (D, E). The experimenter was not blinded to the agents. The injection dose was fixed as 100 μL for Groups A-D and 50 μL for Group E. We continuously monitored and recorded respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate. The time-series changes from 0 to 30 s were compared by the linear mixed method RESULTS: Groups D and E showed the largest RR increase (20.6 and 20.3 breaths/min, respectively) and were significantly larger compared to Group A (3.36 breaths/min, both P<0.001). RR change of Groups D and E did not differ. RR change of Groups B and C was smaller (0.72 and 12.4 breaths/min, respectively) and did not differ statistically with Group A. Significant bradycardia was observed only in Group C (P<0.001). SpO2 was constant in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Gadoxetate disodium causes a rapid tachypnoea without significant change of SpO2 and heart rate regardless of the dilution method. KEY POINTS: • Injection of gadoxetate disodium causes tachypnoea. • Dilution method did not alter the rapid respiratory effect of gadoxetate disodium. • The respiratory effect of gadoxetate disodium was larger than other contrast agents.
OBJECTIVES: To directly investigate the rapid respiratory effect of gadoxetate disodium in an experimental study using mice. METHODS: After confirming the steady respiratory state under general anaesthesia, eight mice were injected with all test agents in the following order: phosphate-buffered saline (A, control group), 1.25 mmol/kg of gadoteridol (B) or gadopentetate dimeglumine (C), or 0.31 mmol/kg of gadoxetate disodium (D, E). The experimenter was not blinded to the agents. The injection dose was fixed as 100 μL for Groups A-D and 50 μL for Group E. We continuously monitored and recorded respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate. The time-series changes from 0 to 30 s were compared by the linear mixed method RESULTS: Groups D and E showed the largest RR increase (20.6 and 20.3 breaths/min, respectively) and were significantly larger compared to Group A (3.36 breaths/min, both P<0.001). RR change of Groups D and E did not differ. RR change of Groups B and C was smaller (0.72 and 12.4 breaths/min, respectively) and did not differ statistically with Group A. Significant bradycardia was observed only in Group C (P<0.001). SpO2 was constant in all groups. CONCLUSIONS:Gadoxetate disodium causes a rapid tachypnoea without significant change of SpO2 and heart rate regardless of the dilution method. KEY POINTS: • Injection of gadoxetate disodium causes tachypnoea. • Dilution method did not alter the rapid respiratory effect of gadoxetate disodium. • The respiratory effect of gadoxetate disodium was larger than other contrast agents.
Entities:
Keywords:
Contrast agent; Gadoxetate disodium; Liver; Magnetic resonance imaging; Respiration
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