Valentina Spigoni1, Federica Fantuzzi1, Alessia Fontana1, Monia Cito1, Eleonora Derlindati1, Ivana Zavaroni2, Miriam Cnop3, Riccardo C Bonadonna4, Alessandra Dei Cas2. 1. Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. 2. Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy. 3. ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. 4. Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy. Electronic address: riccardo.bonadonna@unipr.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Saturated free fatty acids (SFAs) can induce lipotoxicity in different cells. No studies have investigated the effects of SFA in circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), which play a key role in endothelial repair processes. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of SFAs, specifically stearic acid (SA), on viability and function of CACs and to investigate potential underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: CACs were isolated from healthy subjects by established methods. CACs were incubated with BSA-complexed stearate (100 μM) to assess the time course (from 8 to 24 h exposure) of the effects on viability and apoptosis (activation of caspases 3/7), angiogenic function (tube formation assay), pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and TNFα) gene expression (qPCR) and secretion (ELISA), activation of MAPK (JNK, p38 and Erk1/2) by Western blot and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker (CHOP, BIP, ATF4, XBP-1 and sXBP-1) gene expression by qPCR. RESULTS: Stearic acid activates effector caspases in CACs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. SA also impairs CAC function and increases pro-inflammatory molecule (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and TNFα) gene expression and secretion in CACs starting from 3 h of incubation. The activation of JNK by SA mediates pro-inflammatory response, but it may be not necessary for apoptosis. Moreover, SA induces the expression of ER stress markers across the three branches of the ER stress response. CONCLUSIONS: In humans, both function and viability of CACs are exquisitely vulnerable to physiologic concentrations of stearate; lipotoxic impairment of endothelial repair processes may be implicated in vascular damage caused by SFAs.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Saturated free fatty acids (SFAs) can induce lipotoxicity in different cells. No studies have investigated the effects of SFA in circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), which play a key role in endothelial repair processes. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of SFAs, specifically stearic acid (SA), on viability and function of CACs and to investigate potential underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: CACs were isolated from healthy subjects by established methods. CACs were incubated with BSA-complexed stearate (100 μM) to assess the time course (from 8 to 24 h exposure) of the effects on viability and apoptosis (activation of caspases 3/7), angiogenic function (tube formation assay), pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and TNFα) gene expression (qPCR) and secretion (ELISA), activation of MAPK (JNK, p38 and Erk1/2) by Western blot and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker (CHOP, BIP, ATF4, XBP-1 and sXBP-1) gene expression by qPCR. RESULTS:Stearic acid activates effector caspases in CACs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. SA also impairs CAC function and increases pro-inflammatory molecule (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and TNFα) gene expression and secretion in CACs starting from 3 h of incubation. The activation of JNK by SA mediates pro-inflammatory response, but it may be not necessary for apoptosis. Moreover, SA induces the expression of ER stress markers across the three branches of the ER stress response. CONCLUSIONS: In humans, both function and viability of CACs are exquisitely vulnerable to physiologic concentrations of stearate; lipotoxic impairment of endothelial repair processes may be implicated in vascular damage caused by SFAs.
Authors: Sanchari Datta; Jade Bowerman; Hanaa Hariri; Rupali Ugrankar; Kaitlyn M Eckert; Chase Corley; Gonçalo Vale; Jeffrey G McDonald; W Mike Henne Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2020-12-11 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Gloria Cinquegrani; Valentina Spigoni; Nicolas Thomas Iannozzi; Vanessa Parello; Riccardo C Bonadonna; Alessandra Dei Cas Journal: Cell Biol Toxicol Date: 2022-01-11 Impact factor: 6.819
Authors: Julia Hernandez-Baixauli; Nerea Abasolo; Hector Palacios-Jordan; Elisabet Foguet-Romero; David Suñol; Mar Galofré; Antoni Caimari; Laura Baselga-Escudero; Josep M Del Bas; Miquel Mulero Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2022-02-25 Impact factor: 5.923