Marco Moschini1, Shahrokh F Shariat2, Mohammad Abufaraj3, Beat Foerster4, David D Andrea4, Francesco Soria4, Paolo Dell Oglio5, Agostino Mattei6, Francesco Montorsi5, Renzo Colombo5, Alberto Briganti5, Andrea Gallina5. 1. Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland. Electronic address: marco.moschini87@gmail.com. 2. Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX. 3. Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. 4. Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 5. Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 6. Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate incidence and predictors of local failure (LF) after radical cystectomy (RC) due to bladder cancer. METHODS: We focused on 1,112 patients treated with RC, between 1990 and 2012, at a single center. LF was defined as imaging evidence of recurrence in the pelvic soft tissues or nodes below the aortic bifurcation at least 3 months before the detection of distant metastases. Competing risk analyses tested the relationship between clinical and pathological factors and the risk to develop LF. Regression tree analysis stratified patients into risk-groups based on their characteristics and the corresponding LF rate. RESULTS: Overall, 50 (4.5%) patients developed LF during a median follow-up period of 62 (35-92) months. On univariable competing risk regression analyses, pathological T stage (pT4 vs. pT3; hazard ratio [HR] = 2.55, P = 0.003), soft tissue surgical margin (STSM; HR = 2.95, P = 0.005), and variant histology (HR = 1.79, P = 0.03) were associated with an increased risk of developing LF. The cohort was stratified into 4 risk groups: very low (≤pT3a disease and pure urothelial histology), low (≤pT3a disease and variant histology), intermediate (pT4 disease), and high (positive STSM). CONCLUSIONS: LF is an important event in RC patients. We developed a new risk model based on bladder cancer characteristics. Our findings could help with the identification of the best candidate for consideration of adjuvant radiotherapy.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate incidence and predictors of local failure (LF) after radical cystectomy (RC) due to bladder cancer. METHODS: We focused on 1,112 patients treated with RC, between 1990 and 2012, at a single center. LF was defined as imaging evidence of recurrence in the pelvic soft tissues or nodes below the aortic bifurcation at least 3 months before the detection of distant metastases. Competing risk analyses tested the relationship between clinical and pathological factors and the risk to develop LF. Regression tree analysis stratified patients into risk-groups based on their characteristics and the corresponding LF rate. RESULTS: Overall, 50 (4.5%) patients developed LF during a median follow-up period of 62 (35-92) months. On univariable competing risk regression analyses, pathological T stage (pT4 vs. pT3; hazard ratio [HR] = 2.55, P = 0.003), soft tissue surgical margin (STSM; HR = 2.95, P = 0.005), and variant histology (HR = 1.79, P = 0.03) were associated with an increased risk of developing LF. The cohort was stratified into 4 risk groups: very low (≤pT3a disease and pure urothelial histology), low (≤pT3a disease and variant histology), intermediate (pT4 disease), and high (positive STSM). CONCLUSIONS: LF is an important event in RC patients. We developed a new risk model based on bladder cancer characteristics. Our findings could help with the identification of the best candidate for consideration of adjuvant radiotherapy.
Authors: Andrea Necchi; Gregory R Pond; Marco Moschini; Elizabeth R Plimack; Gunter Niegisch; Evan Y Yu; Aristotelis Bamias; Neeraj Agarwal; Ulka Vaishampayan; Christine Theodore; Srikala S Sridhar; Jonathan E Rosenberg; Joaquim Bellmunt; Andrea Gallina; Renzo Colombo; Francesco Montorsi; Alberto Briganti; Matthew D Galsky Journal: Clin Genitourin Cancer Date: 2018-09-13 Impact factor: 2.872