Callie L Brown1, Eliana M Perrin2, Karen E Peterson3, Holly E Brophy Herb4, Mildred A Horodynski5, Dawn Contreras6, Alison L Miller7, Danielle P Appugliese8, Sarah C Ball9, Julie C Lumeng10. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC. Electronic address: calbrown@wakehealth.edu. 2. Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine. 3. Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Department of Nutrition, Harvard W.T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass. 4. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing. 5. College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing. 6. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing; Health and Nutrition Institute, Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing. 7. Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan; Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. 8. Appugliese Professional Advisors, LLC, Easton, Mass. 9. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. 10. Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Picky eating is common in children. Few studies have examined predictors of picky eating, and the association of picky eating with weight status and dietary quality is inconsistent in the literature. We aimed to identify predictors of picky eating and to test the association of picky eating with child body mass index z-score (BMIz), dietary quality, and micronutrient intake. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial to prevent obesity among 506 preschoolers attending Head Start. Parents completed questionnaires to assess picky eating and child temperament. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected to assess dietary intake. Multivariate regression models assessed child, parent, and family predictors of picky eating; additional models tested adjusted associations of picky eating with child BMIz, dietary quality (measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2010), and micronutrient intake. RESULTS: Picky eating was predicted by male sex, older child age, and more difficult temperament but not race/ethnicity, maternal body mass index, maternal depressive symptoms, household food insecurity, or single parent home. Picky eating was not associated with child BMIz or micronutrient deficiencies; it was inversely associated with total Healthy Eating Index-2010 score and servings of whole fruit, total vegetables, greens and beans, and total protein foods. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric providers should support parents in expanding the number of healthy foods the child eats to improve dietary quality, but reassure parents that picky eating is not associated with children's weight status or micronutrient deficiencies.
BACKGROUND: Picky eating is common in children. Few studies have examined predictors of picky eating, and the association of picky eating with weight status and dietary quality is inconsistent in the literature. We aimed to identify predictors of picky eating and to test the association of picky eating with child body mass index z-score (BMIz), dietary quality, and micronutrient intake. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial to prevent obesity among 506 preschoolers attending Head Start. Parents completed questionnaires to assess picky eating and child temperament. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected to assess dietary intake. Multivariate regression models assessed child, parent, and family predictors of picky eating; additional models tested adjusted associations of picky eating with childBMIz, dietary quality (measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2010), and micronutrient intake. RESULTS: Picky eating was predicted by male sex, older child age, and more difficult temperament but not race/ethnicity, maternal body mass index, maternal depressive symptoms, household food insecurity, or single parent home. Picky eating was not associated with childBMIz or micronutrient deficiencies; it was inversely associated with total Healthy Eating Index-2010 score and servings of whole fruit, total vegetables, greens and beans, and total protein foods. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric providers should support parents in expanding the number of healthy foods the child eats to improve dietary quality, but reassure parents that picky eating is not associated with children's weight status or micronutrient deficiencies.
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