Géssica S Santana1, Elsa Regina J Giugliani2, Tatiana de O Vieira3, Graciete O Vieira3. 1. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: gessicassantana@hotmail.com. 2. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 3. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Synthesize the information about the factors associated with maintenance of breastfeeding for 12 months or more. DATA SOURCE: A systematic review was conducted in the Pubmed/Medline, Scielo, and Lilacs databases, including articles published in Portuguese or English since 2004 on the factors associated with breastfeeding maintenance for at least 12 months; review articles and those with qualitative design were excluded. The factors were organized into four levels, according to the chronological proximity to the outcome: distal, distal intermediate, proximal intermediate, and proximal; nationality and place/area of residence were considered contextual factors. SUMMARY OF DATA: 1174 articles were identified, of which 19 were included in this review, comprising seven cohort studies and 12 cross-sectional studies. A total of 39 of the 75 assessed factors were associated with the outcome at least once. The factors with the highest percentages of associations with maintenance of breastfeeding for 12 months or more, considering the number of times they were tested were: children whose parents are the caregivers (100%), none type of maternal exposure to smoke (54%), children and/or parents are immigrants/foreigners (50%), live in urban areas (42.9%), older maternal age (40%), married women (37.5%), higher level of maternal education (31.3%), greater parity (30.8%), and lower income (30%). CONCLUSIONS: The maintenance of breastfeeding for 12 months or more is associated with multiple factors, emphasizing the contextual factors and those related to some maternal sociodemographic characteristics. Associations differ in effect and magnitude between the different populations studied.
OBJECTIVE: Synthesize the information about the factors associated with maintenance of breastfeeding for 12 months or more. DATA SOURCE: A systematic review was conducted in the Pubmed/Medline, Scielo, and Lilacs databases, including articles published in Portuguese or English since 2004 on the factors associated with breastfeeding maintenance for at least 12 months; review articles and those with qualitative design were excluded. The factors were organized into four levels, according to the chronological proximity to the outcome: distal, distal intermediate, proximal intermediate, and proximal; nationality and place/area of residence were considered contextual factors. SUMMARY OF DATA: 1174 articles were identified, of which 19 were included in this review, comprising seven cohort studies and 12 cross-sectional studies. A total of 39 of the 75 assessed factors were associated with the outcome at least once. The factors with the highest percentages of associations with maintenance of breastfeeding for 12 months or more, considering the number of times they were tested were: children whose parents are the caregivers (100%), none type of maternal exposure to smoke (54%), children and/or parents are immigrants/foreigners (50%), live in urban areas (42.9%), older maternal age (40%), married women (37.5%), higher level of maternal education (31.3%), greater parity (30.8%), and lower income (30%). CONCLUSIONS: The maintenance of breastfeeding for 12 months or more is associated with multiple factors, emphasizing the contextual factors and those related to some maternal sociodemographic characteristics. Associations differ in effect and magnitude between the different populations studied.
Authors: Xiaonan Li; Yongmei Peng; Zailing Li; Britt Christensen; Anne B Heckmann; Carina Lagerqvist; Hans Stenlund; Bo Lönnerdal; Olle Hernell; Christina E West Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-05-13 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Luis Fernando Sanchez-Espino; Gregorio Zuniga-Villanueva; Jose Luis Ramirez-GarciaLuna Journal: Int Breastfeed J Date: 2019-02-06 Impact factor: 3.461
Authors: Ritesh Chimoriya; Jane Anne Scott; James Rufus John; Sameer Bhole; Andrew Hayen; Gregory S Kolt; Amit Arora Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-07-27 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Sarah N Taylor; Tanis R Fenton; Sharon Groh-Wargo; Kathleen Gura; Camilia R Martin; Ian J Griffin; Mary Rozga; Lisa Moloney Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2022-02-25 Impact factor: 3.418