Michael L Lipton1, Chloe Ifrah2, Walter F Stewart3, Roman Fleysher2, Martin J Sliwinski4, Mimi Kim5, Richard B Lipton6. 1. The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, USA; Departments of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, USA; The Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, USA. Electronic address: Michael.Lipton@einstein.yu.edu. 2. The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, USA; Departments of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, USA. 3. Sutter Health Research, USA. 4. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, USA. 5. Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, USA. 6. Departments of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, USA; Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To validate the HeadCount-2w questionnaire for estimation of 2-week soccer heading by comparison to daily electronic diary reporting over the same two-week period. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Adult amateur soccer players completed HeadCount-daily, comprising 14 daily at-home assessments of soccer play and heading via a tablet PC. Following the 14day period, players completed HeadCount-2w, a web-based two-week-recall questionnaire on soccer and heading. intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was estimated between HeadCount-daily, the reference standard, and HeadCount-2w estimates of heading during the same 2-week period. RESULTS: 53 participants (38 men) reported a mean of 24.36 (median=11.76) headers during 2 weeks via HeadCount-daily and a mean of 38.34 (median=15.0) headers for the same 2 weeks via HeadCount-2w. The ICC comparing 2-week heading from HeadCount-daily and HeadCount-2w was 0.85. Linear regression of the log-transformed Headcount-daily on HeadCount-2w data yielded a slope of 0.71 (p<0.001; 95% CI 0.54-0.82), suggesting that heading tends to be over-estimated by HeadCount-2w relative to HeadCount-daily. Slope estimates for men (0.65) and women (0.71) were similar. CONCLUSIONS: HeadCount, a self-administered web-based survey, is valid for self-reporting 2-week heading in adult amateur players, supporting its use in future research and as a simple and low-cost technique for exposure monitoring.
OBJECTIVES: To validate the HeadCount-2w questionnaire for estimation of 2-week soccer heading by comparison to daily electronic diary reporting over the same two-week period. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Adult amateur soccer players completed HeadCount-daily, comprising 14 daily at-home assessments of soccer play and heading via a tablet PC. Following the 14day period, players completed HeadCount-2w, a web-based two-week-recall questionnaire on soccer and heading. intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was estimated between HeadCount-daily, the reference standard, and HeadCount-2w estimates of heading during the same 2-week period. RESULTS: 53 participants (38 men) reported a mean of 24.36 (median=11.76) headers during 2 weeks via HeadCount-daily and a mean of 38.34 (median=15.0) headers for the same 2 weeks via HeadCount-2w. The ICC comparing 2-week heading from HeadCount-daily and HeadCount-2w was 0.85. Linear regression of the log-transformed Headcount-daily on HeadCount-2w data yielded a slope of 0.71 (p<0.001; 95% CI 0.54-0.82), suggesting that heading tends to be over-estimated by HeadCount-2w relative to HeadCount-daily. Slope estimates for men (0.65) and women (0.71) were similar. CONCLUSIONS: HeadCount, a self-administered web-based survey, is valid for self-reporting 2-week heading in adult amateur players, supporting its use in future research and as a simple and low-cost technique for exposure monitoring.
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