A Deribew1,2,3, B Kebede4, G A Tessema5,6, Y A Adama7,8, A Misganaw9, T Gebre10, A Hailu11, S Biadgilign12, A Amberbir13, B Desalegn14, A A Abajobir15,16, O Shafi17, S F Abera8,18, N Negussu4, B Mengistu4, A T Amare7,19, A Mulugeta20, Z Kebede20, B Mengistu4, Z Tadesse21, M Sileshi4, M Tamiru4, E A Chromwel9, S D Glenn9, J D Stanaway9, K Deribe22,23. 1. St. Paul Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2. Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia. 3. Micronutrient Initiative, Ethiopia. 4. Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 5. Department Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. 6. School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. 7. School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide South Australia. 8. School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. 9. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington. 10. International Trachoma Initiative, the Task Force for Global Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 11. School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 12. World Health Organization, Uganda. 13. Dignitas International, Zomba Malawi. 14. University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. 15. School of Public Health, the University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia. 16. Debremarkos University, Debremarkos, Ethiopia. 17. Rollind schools of public Health, Emory University, USA. 18. Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, Hohenheim University, Stuttgart, Germany. 19. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. 20. World Health Organization, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 21. The Carter Centre, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 22. Wellcome Trust Brighton & Sussex Centre for Global Health Research, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, UK. 23. School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are important public health problems in Ethiopia. In 2013, the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) has launched a national NTD master plan to eliminate major NTDs of public health importance by 2020. Benchmarking the current status of NTDs in the country is important to monitor and evaluate the progress in the implementation of interventions and their impacts. Therefore, this study aims to assess the trends of mortality and Disability-adjusted Life-Years (DALY) for the priority NTDs over the last 25 years. METHODS: We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015 estimates for this study. The GBD 2015 data source for cause of death and DALY estimation included verbal autopsy (VA), Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), and other disease specific surveys, Ministry of Health reports submitted to United Nations (UN) agencies and published scientific articles. Cause of Death Ensemble modeling (CODEm) and/or natural history models were used to estimate NTDs mortality rates. DALY were estimated as the sum of Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature mortality and Years Lived with Disability (YLD). RESULTS: All NTDs caused an estimated of 6,293 deaths (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 3699-10,080) in 1990 and 3,593 deaths (95% UI: 2051 - 6178) in 2015, a 43% reduction over the 25 years. Age-standardized mortality rates due to schistosomiasis, STH and leshmaniasis have declined by 91.3%, 73.5% and 21.6% respectively between 1990 to 2015. The number of DALYs due to all NTDs has declined from 814.4 thousand (95% UI: 548 thousand-1.2million) in 1990 to 579.5 thousand (95%UI: 309.4 thousand-1.3 million) in 2015. Age-standardized DALY rates due to all NTDs declined by 30.7%, from 17.6 per 1000(95%UI: 12.5-26.5) in 1990 to 12.2 per 1000(95%UI: 6.5 - 27.4) in 2015. Age-standardized DALY rate for trachoma declined from 92.7 per 100,000(95% UI: 63.2 - 128.4) in 1990 to 41.2 per 100,000(95%UI: 27.4-59.2) in 2015, a 55.6% reduction between 1990 and 2015. Age-standardized DALY rates for onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis and lymphiaticfilariasis decreased by 66.2%, 29.4% and 12.5% respectively between 1990 and 2015. DALY rate for ascariasis fell by 56.8% over the past 25 years. CONCLUSIONS: Ethiopia has made a remarkable progress in reducing the DALY rates for most of the NTDs over the last 25 years. The rapid scale of interventions and broader system strengthening may have a lasting impact on achieving the 2020 goal of elimination of most of NTDs. Ethiopia should strengthen the coverage of integrated interventions of NTD through proper coordination with other health programs and sectors and community participation to eliminate NTDs by 2020.
INTRODUCTION: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are important public health problems in Ethiopia. In 2013, the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) has launched a national NTD master plan to eliminate major NTDs of public health importance by 2020. Benchmarking the current status of NTDs in the country is important to monitor and evaluate the progress in the implementation of interventions and their impacts. Therefore, this study aims to assess the trends of mortality and Disability-adjusted Life-Years (DALY) for the priority NTDs over the last 25 years. METHODS: We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015 estimates for this study. The GBD 2015 data source for cause of death and DALY estimation included verbal autopsy (VA), Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), and other disease specific surveys, Ministry of Health reports submitted to United Nations (UN) agencies and published scientific articles. Cause of Death Ensemble modeling (CODEm) and/or natural history models were used to estimate NTDs mortality rates. DALY were estimated as the sum of Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature mortality and Years Lived with Disability (YLD). RESULTS: All NTDs caused an estimated of 6,293 deaths (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 3699-10,080) in 1990 and 3,593 deaths (95% UI: 2051 - 6178) in 2015, a 43% reduction over the 25 years. Age-standardized mortality rates due to schistosomiasis, STH and leshmaniasis have declined by 91.3%, 73.5% and 21.6% respectively between 1990 to 2015. The number of DALYs due to all NTDs has declined from 814.4 thousand (95% UI: 548 thousand-1.2million) in 1990 to 579.5 thousand (95%UI: 309.4 thousand-1.3 million) in 2015. Age-standardized DALY rates due to all NTDs declined by 30.7%, from 17.6 per 1000(95%UI: 12.5-26.5) in 1990 to 12.2 per 1000(95%UI: 6.5 - 27.4) in 2015. Age-standardized DALY rate for trachoma declined from 92.7 per 100,000(95% UI: 63.2 - 128.4) in 1990 to 41.2 per 100,000(95%UI: 27.4-59.2) in 2015, a 55.6% reduction between 1990 and 2015. Age-standardized DALY rates for onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis and lymphiaticfilariasis decreased by 66.2%, 29.4% and 12.5% respectively between 1990 and 2015. DALY rate for ascariasis fell by 56.8% over the past 25 years. CONCLUSIONS: Ethiopia has made a remarkable progress in reducing the DALY rates for most of the NTDs over the last 25 years. The rapid scale of interventions and broader system strengthening may have a lasting impact on achieving the 2020 goal of elimination of most of NTDs. Ethiopia should strengthen the coverage of integrated interventions of NTD through proper coordination with other health programs and sectors and community participation to eliminate NTDs by 2020.
Authors: Haidong Wang; Chelsea A Liddell; Matthew M Coates; Meghan D Mooney; Carly E Levitz; Austin E Schumacher; Henry Apfel; Marissa Iannarone; Bryan Phillips; Katherine T Lofgren; Logan Sandar; Rob E Dorrington; Ivo Rakovac; Troy A Jacobs; Xiaofeng Liang; Maigeng Zhou; Jun Zhu; Gonghuan Yang; Yanping Wang; Shiwei Liu; Yichong Li; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Semaw Ferede Abera; Ibrahim Abubakar; Tom Achoki; Ademola Adelekan; Zanfina Ademi; Zewdie Aderaw Alemu; Peter J Allen; Mohammad AbdulAziz AlMazroa; Elena Alvarez; Adansi A Amankwaa; Azmeraw T Amare; Walid Ammar; Palwasha Anwari; Solveig Argeseanu Cunningham; Majed Masoud Asad; Reza Assadi; Amitava Banerjee; Sanjay Basu; Neeraj Bedi; Tolesa Bekele; Michelle L Bell; Zulfiqar Bhutta; Jed D Blore; Berrak Bora Basara; Soufiane Boufous; Nicholas Breitborde; Nigel G Bruce; Linh Ngoc Bui; Jonathan R Carapetis; Rosario Cárdenas; David O Carpenter; Valeria Caso; Ruben Estanislao Castro; Ferrán Catalá-Lopéz; Alanur Cavlin; Xuan Che; Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang; Rajiv Chowdhury; Costas A Christophi; Ting-Wu Chuang; Massimo Cirillo; Iuri da Costa Leite; Karen J Courville; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Adrian Davis; Anand Dayama; Kebede Deribe; Samath D Dharmaratne; Mukesh K Dherani; Uğur Dilmen; Eric L Ding; Karen M Edmond; Sergei Petrovich Ermakov; Farshad Farzadfar; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Daniel Obadare Fijabi; Nataliya Foigt; Mohammad H Forouzanfar; Ana C Garcia; Johanna M Geleijnse; Bradford D Gessner; Ketevan Goginashvili; Philimon Gona; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N Gouda; Mark A Green; Karen Fern Greenwell; Harish Chander Gugnani; Rahul Gupta; Randah Ribhi Hamadeh; Mouhanad Hammami; Hilda L Harb; Simon Hay; Mohammad T Hedayati; H Dean Hosgood; Damian G Hoy; Bulat T Idrisov; Farhad Islami; Samaya Ismayilova; Vivekanand Jha; Guohong Jiang; Jost B Jonas; Knud Juel; Edmond Kato Kabagambe; Dhruv S Kazi; Andre Pascal Kengne; Maia Kereselidze; Yousef Saleh Khader; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Young-Ho Khang; Daniel Kim; Yohannes Kinfu; Jonas M Kinge; Yoshihiro Kokubo; Soewarta Kosen; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; G Anil Kumar; Kaushalendra Kumar; Ravi B Kumar; Taavi Lai; Qing Lan; Anders Larsson; Jong-Tae Lee; Mall Leinsalu; Stephen S Lim; Steven E Lipshultz; Giancarlo Logroscino; Paulo A Lotufo; Raimundas Lunevicius; Ronan Anthony Lyons; Stefan Ma; Abbas Ali Mahdi; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Mohammad Taufiq Mashal; Tasara T Mazorodze; John J McGrath; Ziad A Memish; Walter Mendoza; George A Mensah; Atte Meretoja; Ted R Miller; Edward J Mills; Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad; Ali H Mokdad; Lorenzo Monasta; Marcella Montico; Ami R Moore; Joanna Moschandreas; William T Msemburi; Ulrich O Mueller; Magdalena M Muszynska; Mohsen Naghavi; Kovin S Naidoo; K M Venkat Narayan; Chakib Nejjari; Marie Ng; Jean de Dieu Ngirabega; Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen; Luke Nyakarahuka; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Saad B Omer; Angel J Paternina Caicedo; Victoria Pillay-van Wyk; Dan Pope; Farshad Pourmalek; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Sajjad U R Rahman; Saleem M Rana; Robert Quentin Reilly; David Rojas-Rueda; Luca Ronfani; Lesley Rushton; Mohammad Yahya Saeedi; Joshua A Salomon; Uchechukwu Sampson; Itamar S Santos; Monika Sawhney; Jürgen C Schmidt; Marina Shakh-Nazarova; Jun She; Sara Sheikhbahaei; Kenji Shibuya; Hwashin Hyun Shin; Kawkab Shishani; Ivy Shiue; Inga Dora Sigfusdottir; Jasvinder A Singh; Vegard Skirbekk; Karen Sliwa; Sergey S Soshnikov; Luciano A Sposato; Vasiliki Kalliopi Stathopoulou; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Karen M Tabb; Roberto Tchio Talongwa; Carolina Maria Teixeira; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Alan J Thomson; Andrew L Thorne-Lyman; Hideaki Toyoshima; Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene; Parfait Uwaliraye; Selen Begüm Uzun; Tommi J Vasankari; Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Stein Emil Vollset; Stephen Waller; Xia Wan; Scott Weichenthal; Elisabete Weiderpass; Robert G Weintraub; Ronny Westerman; James D Wilkinson; Hywel C Williams; Yang C Yang; Gokalp Kadri Yentur; Paul Yip; Naohiro Yonemoto; Mustafa Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Kim Yun Jin; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Shankuan Zhu; Theo Vos; Alan D Lopez; Christopher J L Murray Journal: Lancet Date: 2014-05-02 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Wondwossen A Gebreyes; Jean Dupouy-Camet; Melanie J Newport; Celso J B Oliveira; Larry S Schlesinger; Yehia M Saif; Samuel Kariuki; Linda J Saif; William Saville; Thomas Wittum; Armando Hoet; Sylvain Quessy; Rudovick Kazwala; Berhe Tekola; Thomas Shryock; Michael Bisesi; Prapas Patchanee; Sumalee Boonmar; Lonnie J King Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2014-11-13
Authors: Christopher J L Murray; Ryan M Barber; Kyle J Foreman; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Foad Abd-Allah; Semaw F Abera; Victor Aboyans; Jerry P Abraham; Ibrahim Abubakar; Laith J Abu-Raddad; Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh; Tom Achoki; Ilana N Ackerman; Zanfina Ademi; Arsène K Adou; José C Adsuar; Ashkan Afshin; Emilie E Agardh; Sayed Saidul Alam; Deena Alasfoor; Mohammed I Albittar; Miguel A Alegretti; Zewdie A Alemu; Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho; Samia Alhabib; Raghib Ali; François Alla; Peter Allebeck; Mohammad A Almazroa; Ubai Alsharif; Elena Alvarez; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Azmeraw T Amare; Emmanuel A Ameh; Heresh Amini; Walid Ammar; H Ross Anderson; Benjamin O Anderson; Carl Abelardo T Antonio; Palwasha Anwari; Johan Arnlöv; Valentina S Arsic Arsenijevic; Al Artaman; Rana J Asghar; Reza Assadi; Lydia S Atkins; Marco A Avila; Baffour Awuah; Victoria F Bachman; Alaa Badawi; Maria C Bahit; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Amitava Banerjee; Suzanne L Barker-Collo; Simon Barquera; Lars Barregard; Lope H Barrero; Arindam Basu; Sanjay Basu; Mohammed O Basulaiman; Justin Beardsley; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Tolesa Bekele; Michelle L Bell; Corina Benjet; Derrick A Bennett; Isabela M Bensenor; Habib Benzian; Eduardo Bernabé; Amelia Bertozzi-Villa; Tariku J Beyene; Neeraj Bhala; Ashish Bhalla; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Kelly Bienhoff; Boris Bikbov; Stan Biryukov; Jed D Blore; Christopher D Blosser; Fiona M Blyth; Megan A Bohensky; Ian W Bolliger; Berrak Bora Başara; Natan M Bornstein; Dipan Bose; Soufiane Boufous; Rupert R A Bourne; Lindsay N Boyers; Michael Brainin; Carol E Brayne; Alexandra Brazinova; Nicholas J K Breitborde; Hermann Brenner; Adam D Briggs; Peter M Brooks; Jonathan C Brown; Traolach S Brugha; Rachelle Buchbinder; Geoffrey C Buckle; Christine M Budke; Anne Bulchis; Andrew G Bulloch; Ismael R Campos-Nonato; Hélène Carabin; Jonathan R Carapetis; Rosario Cárdenas; David O Carpenter; Valeria Caso; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ruben E Castro; Ferrán Catalá-López; Fiorella Cavalleri; Alanur Çavlin; Vineet K Chadha; Jung-Chen Chang; Fiona J Charlson; Honglei Chen; Wanqing Chen; Peggy P Chiang; Odgerel Chimed-Ochir; Rajiv Chowdhury; Hanne Christensen; Costas A Christophi; Massimo Cirillo; Matthew M Coates; Luc E Coffeng; Megan S Coggeshall; Valentina Colistro; Samantha M Colquhoun; Graham S Cooke; Cyrus Cooper; Leslie T Cooper; Luis M Coppola; Monica Cortinovis; Michael H Criqui; John A Crump; Lucia Cuevas-Nasu; Hadi Danawi; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Emily Dansereau; Paul I Dargan; Gail Davey; Adrian Davis; Dragos V Davitoiu; Anand Dayama; Diego De Leo; Louisa Degenhardt; Borja Del Pozo-Cruz; Robert P Dellavalle; Kebede Deribe; Sarah Derrett; Don C Des Jarlais; Muluken Dessalegn; Samath D Dharmaratne; Mukesh K Dherani; Cesar Diaz-Torné; Daniel Dicker; Eric L Ding; Klara Dokova; E Ray Dorsey; Tim R Driscoll; Leilei Duan; Herbert C Duber; Beth E Ebel; Karen M Edmond; Yousef M Elshrek; Matthias Endres; Sergey P Ermakov; Holly E Erskine; Babak Eshrati; Alireza Esteghamati; Kara Estep; Emerito Jose A Faraon; Farshad Farzadfar; Derek F Fay; Valery L Feigin; David T Felson; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Jefferson G Fernandes; Alize J Ferrari; Christina Fitzmaurice; Abraham D Flaxman; Thomas D Fleming; Nataliya Foigt; Mohammad H Forouzanfar; F Gerry R Fowkes; Urbano Fra Paleo; Richard C Franklin; Thomas Fürst; Belinda Gabbe; Lynne Gaffikin; Fortuné G Gankpé; Johanna M Geleijnse; Bradford D Gessner; Peter Gething; Katherine B Gibney; Maurice Giroud; Giorgia Giussani; Hector Gomez Dantes; Philimon Gona; Diego González-Medina; Richard A Gosselin; Carolyn C Gotay; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N Gouda; Nicholas Graetz; Harish C Gugnani; Rahul Gupta; Rajeev Gupta; Reyna A Gutiérrez; Juanita Haagsma; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Holly Hagan; Yara A Halasa; Randah R Hamadeh; Hannah Hamavid; Mouhanad Hammami; Jamie Hancock; Graeme J Hankey; Gillian M Hansen; Yuantao Hao; Hilda L Harb; Josep Maria Haro; Rasmus Havmoeller; Simon I Hay; Roderick J Hay; Ileana B Heredia-Pi; Kyle R Heuton; Pouria Heydarpour; Hideki Higashi; Martha Hijar; Hans W Hoek; Howard J Hoffman; H Dean Hosgood; Mazeda Hossain; Peter J Hotez; Damian G Hoy; Mohamed Hsairi; Guoqing Hu; Cheng Huang; John J Huang; Abdullatif Husseini; Chantal Huynh; Marissa L Iannarone; Kim M Iburg; Kaire Innos; Manami Inoue; Farhad Islami; Kathryn H Jacobsen; Deborah L Jarvis; Simerjot K Jassal; Sun Ha Jee; Panniyammakal Jeemon; Paul N Jensen; Vivekanand Jha; Guohong Jiang; Ying Jiang; Jost B Jonas; Knud Juel; Haidong Kan; André Karch; Corine K Karema; Chante Karimkhani; Ganesan Karthikeyan; Nicholas J Kassebaum; Anil Kaul; Norito Kawakami; Konstantin Kazanjan; Andrew H Kemp; Andre P Kengne; Andre Keren; Yousef S Khader; Shams Eldin A Khalifa; Ejaz A Khan; Gulfaraz Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Christian Kieling; Daniel Kim; Sungroul Kim; Yunjin Kim; Yohannes Kinfu; Jonas M Kinge; Miia Kivipelto; Luke D Knibbs; Ann Kristin Knudsen; Yoshihiro Kokubo; Soewarta Kosen; Sanjay Krishnaswami; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Ernst J Kuipers; Chanda Kulkarni; Veena S Kulkarni; G Anil Kumar; Hmwe H Kyu; Taavi Lai; Ratilal Lalloo; Tea Lallukka; Hilton Lam; Qing Lan; Van C Lansingh; Anders Larsson; Alicia E B Lawrynowicz; Janet L Leasher; James Leigh; Ricky Leung; Carly E Levitz; Bin Li; Yichong Li; Yongmei Li; Stephen S Lim; Maggie Lind; Steven E Lipshultz; Shiwei Liu; Yang Liu; Belinda K Lloyd; Katherine T Lofgren; Giancarlo Logroscino; Katharine J Looker; Joannie Lortet-Tieulent; Paulo A Lotufo; Rafael Lozano; Robyn M Lucas; Raimundas Lunevicius; Ronan A Lyons; Stefan Ma; Michael F Macintyre; Mark T Mackay; Marek Majdan; Reza Malekzadeh; Wagner Marcenes; David J Margolis; Christopher Margono; Melvin B Marzan; Joseph R Masci; Mohammad T Mashal; Richard Matzopoulos; Bongani M Mayosi; Tasara T Mazorodze; Neil W Mcgill; John J Mcgrath; Martin Mckee; Abigail Mclain; Peter A Meaney; Catalina Medina; Man Mohan Mehndiratta; Wubegzier Mekonnen; Yohannes A Melaku; Michele Meltzer; Ziad A Memish; George A Mensah; Atte Meretoja; Francis A Mhimbira; Renata Micha; Ted R Miller; Edward J Mills; Philip B Mitchell; Charles N Mock; Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim; Karzan A Mohammad; Ali H Mokdad; Glen L D Mola; Lorenzo Monasta; Julio C Montañez Hernandez; Marcella Montico; Thomas J Montine; Meghan D Mooney; Ami R Moore; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Andrew E Moran; Rintaro Mori; Joanna Moschandreas; Wilkister N Moturi; Madeline L Moyer; Dariush Mozaffarian; William T Msemburi; Ulrich O Mueller; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Erin C Mullany; Michele E Murdoch; Joseph Murray; Kinnari S Murthy; Mohsen Naghavi; Aliya Naheed; Kovin S Naidoo; Luigi Naldi; Devina Nand; Vinay Nangia; K M Venkat Narayan; Chakib Nejjari; Sudan P Neupane; Charles R Newton; Marie Ng; Frida N Ngalesoni; Grant Nguyen; Muhammad I Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole F Norheim; Rosana E Norman; Bo Norrving; Luke Nyakarahuka; In-Hwan Oh; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Summer L Ohno; Bolajoko O Olusanya; John Nelson Opio; Katrina Ortblad; Alberto Ortiz; Amanda W Pain; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Carlo Irwin A Panelo; Christina Papachristou; Eun-Kee Park; 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Marcel Tanner; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Hugh R Taylor; Braden J Te Ao; Fabrizio Tediosi; Awoke M Temesgen; Tara Templin; Margreet Ten Have; Eric Y Tenkorang; Abdullah S Terkawi; Blake Thomson; Andrew L Thorne-Lyman; Amanda G Thrift; George D Thurston; Taavi Tillmann; Marcello Tonelli; Fotis Topouzis; Hideaki Toyoshima; Jefferson Traebert; Bach X Tran; Matias Trillini; Thomas Truelsen; Miltiadis Tsilimbaris; Emin M Tuzcu; Uche S Uchendu; Kingsley N Ukwaja; Eduardo A Undurraga; Selen B Uzun; Wim H Van Brakel; Steven Van De Vijver; Coen H van Gool; Jim Van Os; Tommi J Vasankari; N Venketasubramanian; Francesco S Violante; Vasiliy V Vlassov; Stein Emil Vollset; Gregory R Wagner; Joseph Wagner; Stephen G Waller; Xia Wan; Haidong Wang; Jianli Wang; Linhong Wang; Tati S Warouw; Scott Weichenthal; Elisabete Weiderpass; Robert G Weintraub; Wang Wenzhi; Andrea Werdecker; Ronny Westerman; Harvey A Whiteford; James D Wilkinson; Thomas N Williams; Charles D Wolfe; Timothy M Wolock; Anthony D Woolf; Sarah Wulf; 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Authors: Matthew C Hernandez; Michael Traynor; John L Bruce; Wanda Bekker; Grant L Laing; Johnathon M Aho; Victor Y Kong; Denise B Klinkner; Martin D Zielinski; Damian L Clarke Journal: World J Surg Date: 2019-07 Impact factor: 3.352
Authors: David J Williams; Mohd Abul Faiz; Bernadette Abela-Ridder; Stuart Ainsworth; Tommaso C Bulfone; Andrea D Nickerson; Abdulrazaq G Habib; Thomas Junghanss; Hui Wen Fan; Michael Turner; Robert A Harrison; David A Warrell Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2019-02-21
Authors: Nobuyuki Mishima; Samuel K Jemu; Tomoaki Kuroda; Koichiro Tabuchi; Andrew W Darcy; Takaki Shimono; Pheophet Lamaningao; Mari Miyake; Seiji Kanda; Susan Ng'ambi; Yoshihiro Komai; Hirofumi Maeba; Hiroyuki Amano; Toshimasa Nishiyama Journal: Trop Med Health Date: 2019-05-02