Bernhard T Baune1, Gin S Malhi2, Grace Morris3, Tim Outhred3, Amber Hamilton3, Pritha Das3, Darryl Bassett4, Michael Berk5, Philip Boyce6, Bill Lyndon7, Roger Mulder8, Gordon Parker9, Ajeet B Singh10. 1. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. 2. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: gin.malhi@sydney.edu.au. 3. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia. 4. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Private Practice in Psychiatry and Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. 5. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; School of Medicine, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Orygen Research Centre, and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 6. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 7. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Mood Disorders Unit, Northside Clinic, Greenwich, NSW, Australia; ECT Services Northside Group Hospitals, Greenwich, NSW, Australia. 8. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago - Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand. 9. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; Shool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 10. Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee, Australia; School of Medicine, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive compromise is a common experience for patients with depression and other mood disorders. Depressed patients sustain deficits in working memory and attentional distortions in emotional processing and negative attention biases, which may contribute to maintaining their depressive state. METHODS: The Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee comprised academic psychiatrists with clinical expertise in the management of mood disorders. The independently convened committee met to discuss contentious aspects of mood disorders diagnosis and assessment with the express aim of informing clinical practice and future research. RESULTS: The Committee specifically identified cognition as an important aspect for clinicians to consider in the context of depression and mood disorders. This article highlights some of the barriers to assessment and proposes tools that have the potential to be implemented in clinical practice. LIMITATIONS: The conclusions drawn within this article are based on expert opinion. We have noted the limitations of the literature that informs this opinion. CONCLUSIONS: As cognitive ability has been closely linked to patients' ability to achieve functional recovery, it is imperative that clinicians are able to identify patients with cognitive deficits and are equipped with tools to conduct effective cognitive assessments. Examining cognitive factors may generate a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of depression and mood disorders which can ultimately be used to inform treatment.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive compromise is a common experience for patients with depression and other mood disorders. Depressedpatients sustain deficits in working memory and attentional distortions in emotional processing and negative attention biases, which may contribute to maintaining their depressive state. METHODS: The Mood Assessment and Classification (MAC) Committee comprised academic psychiatrists with clinical expertise in the management of mood disorders. The independently convened committee met to discuss contentious aspects of mood disorders diagnosis and assessment with the express aim of informing clinical practice and future research. RESULTS: The Committee specifically identified cognition as an important aspect for clinicians to consider in the context of depression and mood disorders. This article highlights some of the barriers to assessment and proposes tools that have the potential to be implemented in clinical practice. LIMITATIONS: The conclusions drawn within this article are based on expert opinion. We have noted the limitations of the literature that informs this opinion. CONCLUSIONS: As cognitive ability has been closely linked to patients' ability to achieve functional recovery, it is imperative that clinicians are able to identify patients with cognitive deficits and are equipped with tools to conduct effective cognitive assessments. Examining cognitive factors may generate a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of depression and mood disorders which can ultimately be used to inform treatment.
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